M1: Evolution and Natural Selection Flashcards
Who developed the Philosophie Zoologie arguing 3 issues of evolutionary change (fact, course, & mechanism)?
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
What is Lamarck’s hypothesis?
Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
Who proposed the conditions and mechanisms of evolutionary change (Natural Selection)?
Charles Robert Darwin
Who is Darwin’s contemporary, and collected biological specimens from Amazon to Malay Archipelago?
Alfred Russel Wallace
What are lineages with different forms arose via splitting from existing lineages?
Descent with Modification
What theory where “useful” variations will be “preserved” and passed onto offspring?
Natural Selection
What is the proportion of total phenotypic variation of a trait?
Heritability (h^2)
What is the extent of the environment affecting phenotypic variation?
Phenotypic plasticity
What is the formula for heritability?
h^2 = Vg/(Vg + Ve)
Heritability (h^2)
Genetic variance (Vg)
Environmental variance (Ve)
What is the interpretation when h^2 = 1.0?
Trait is perfectly heritable
What is the interpretation when h^2 = 0?
Trait is not heritable
What selection favors either increase or decrease in trait’s mean?
Directional selection
What selection favors individuals near average of population trait values?
Stabilizing selection
What favors individuals with trait values of opposing ends?
Disruptive selection
What is the effect when a subset of a population found a new colony, while the original diversity of genotypes can be lost?
Founder Effect
