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M106 Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic, systemic inflammatory condition leading to calcification and fusion of spinal joints
* a progressive autoimmune inflammatory arthritis*

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis
( Rheumatoid Spondylitis)

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2
Q

Group* of genetic disorders that atrophy skeletal muscles
Muscle is replaced by fat and other connective tissues till the muscle is useless
Duchenne MD is the most common form

A

Muscular Dystrophy

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3
Q

Inflammation of the tendons synovial sheath

A

Tenosynovitis

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4
Q

Inflammation of muscle (myotis) due to microbes or an autoimmune disease

A

Muscle infection

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5
Q

Chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of connective tissue. Causes blood vessel inflammation, organ dysfunction and arthritis

A

Lupus Erythematosus

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6
Q

A hole through which trapped contents escape
* epigastric, inguinal, etc*

A

Hernia

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7
Q

Symptoms of diffuse chronic pain and fatigue
“11 tender points”

A

Fibromyalgia

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8
Q

Persistent/ intermittent muscle contractions causes abnormal, often repetitive movements or postures

A

Dystonia

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9
Q

Spasmodic, involuntary, sustained muscle contraction

A

Cramp

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10
Q

Chronically shortened muscle tissue, resistant to passive stretching (wry neck)

A

Contracture

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11
Q

Associated w/ cycle off ischemia- necrosis leading to continued contractions that cause more ischemia
trigger points are common

A

Chronic myofascial pain

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12
Q

Associated w/ fibromyalgia; generalized fatigue

A

Chronic Fatigue syndrome

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13
Q

Soft tissue ailments typically associated w/ getting rear ended

A

CAD aka whiplash

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14
Q

Abnormal joining together by collagen or 2 structures

A

Adhesion

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15
Q

Autoimmune chronic diseases cause muscle weakness that begins in muscle region and spreads to skeletal muscles
death comes from respiratory failure

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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16
Q

Most common type of muscle dysfunction
longer cramp

A

Spasm

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17
Q

Injury to muscle or tendon, goes by 3 degrees

A

Strain

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18
Q

Inflammation of the tendon

A

Tendonitis

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19
Q

Degenerative condition of a tendon that doesn’t involve inflammation
* Degeneration of collagen fibers in a tendon*

A

Tendinosis

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20
Q

Bone was twisted apart

A

Spiral fracture

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21
Q

Micro fractures growing to a breaking point (fatigue fracture)

A

Stress fracture

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22
Q

Forms a right angle w/ the axis of a bone

A

Transverse fracture

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23
Q

Splinters on one side and bends on another
Typically found in children

A

Greenstick fracture

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24
Q

Bone is wedged into bone

A

Impacted fracture

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25
Q

Diagonally fractured

A

Oblique fracture

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26
Q

Fractured due to preexisting pathology

A

Pathologic fracture

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27
Q

Fracture w/ dislocation

A

Fracture dislocation

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28
Q

Fracture between epiphysis and diaphysis
can cause stunted growth in that limb

A

Epiphyseal fracture

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29
Q

When bone is compressed to a breaking point

A

Compression fracture

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30
Q

Bone shatter/ is crushed into many pieces

A

Comminuted Fracture

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31
Q

Injury caused by falling with an out stretched hand

A

Collies fracture

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32
Q

Bone breaks through skin

A

Open/ compound fracture

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33
Q

The bone doesnt cause an open wound

A

Closed/ simple fracture

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34
Q

Cracks in bone

A

Incomplete fracture

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35
Q

The bone is entirely Separated

A

Complete fracture

36
Q

Crackling, grinding noise during joint movement

37
Q

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

38
Q

Teeth grinding

39
Q

Collection of symptoms in the head and jaw (TMJ)

A

Temporalmandibular joint syndrome

40
Q

Partial Dislocation

A

Subluxation

41
Q

Tears of Joints and Ligaments
Goes by grades

42
Q

Osteoarthritis of the spine

A

Spondylosis

43
Q

Forward displacement of one vertebral body of another (slipping)

A

Spondylolisthesis

44
Q

Lateral curvature/ deviation of the spine
*congenital or idiopathic *

45
Q

Auto immune arthritis

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

46
Q

Inflammation of the plantar fascia
heel spurs

A

Plantar Fasciitis

47
Q

Flat feet

A

Pes Planus

48
Q

Caved feet/ High arches

49
Q

Chronic* bone disorder where healthy bone is reabsorbed and replaced w/ connective tissue that never calcified. Often Asystematic
AKA Osteitis Deformans

A

Pagets disease

50
Q

Loss of bone/ porous bones

A

Osteoporosis

51
Q

Infection of bone and marrow leading to inflammation, necrosis& destruction of bone

A

OsteoMyeLitis

52
Q

Softening of bone and loss of mass
Rare in the US (rickets)

A

Osteomalacia

53
Q

A genetic defect in the development of all connective tissues
*Thin delicate curved bones

A

Osteogenisis Imperfecta

54
Q

Ischemic necrosis of tibial tuberosity leading to pain and swelling Ages 10-15

A

Osgood-Schlatter disease
OSD

55
Q

Most common arthritic Disease

A

Osteoarthritis

56
Q

Tumor
Osteoma=Begnign
Osteosarcoma = Malignant
Multiple Myeloma = Malignent

A

Neoplasm
(new growth)

57
Q

Growth of a bony depsosit
muscle inflammation w/ ossification

A

Myositis Ossificans

58
Q

Abnormal Concavity in the lumbar spine
Swayback

59
Q

Aseptic, ischemic necrosis of the head of the femur
Ages 5-10 mainly boys

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

60
Q

Arthritis; Bulls eye rash

A

Lymes disease

61
Q

Abnormal convexity in the thoracic spine
aka humpback

62
Q

Nucleus Pulpous protrudes through annulus fibrosis into extradural space (L-5,C-6,C-7

A

Herniated Disk

63
Q

Lateral deviation of the big toe
(bunions)

A

Hallux Vagus

64
Q

Form of arthritis (beer and steak)

65
Q

Cystic swelling of tendon sheath+ joint capsules filled w viscous fluid

A

Ganglion Cysts

66
Q

Breaks or ruptures in bone

67
Q

Idiopathic progressive shrinking and thickening of palmar fascia that limits movement of fingers. Can be tied to alcoholism, think ring and middle finger

A

Dupuytrens contracutre

68
Q

Displacement of bone from a joint

69
Q

Droopy eyelids

70
Q

Muscle inflammation

71
Q

Muscular disorders

A

Myopathies

72
Q

Muscle pain

73
Q

Enlargement or the breadth of a muscle sheath due to repetitive forceful muscle activity. Increase in size not in number

A

Hypertrophy

74
Q

Abnormal increase in muscle tone

A

Hypertonicity

75
Q

Sodium, potassium, magnisium

A

Electrolytes

76
Q

Caused by lack of folic acid, caused before birth. Think of nervous system

A

Spina Bifida

77
Q

Strong white fibers found in bundles that make up fibrous connective tissues (tendons)

78
Q

Gout, lymes, osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid

79
Q

Muscle waste

80
Q

A type of contracture that affects lateral flexion and rotation that may involve SCM, Scalenes and/or upper traps

A

Torticollis

81
Q

Neurovascular bundle (ie; Brachial plexus) is compromised/ entrapped. Shoulder girdle, neck down

A

Thoracic outlet compression syndromes

82
Q

Deterioration of articular cartilage on the posterior patella

A

Chondromalacia patella

83
Q

Compression of the median nerve

A

Carpal tunnel syndome

84
Q

Inflammation of the bursa

85
Q

Impeded blood supply to the bone resulting in bone tissue and blood vessels disintegrating and never fully replacing

A

AVN Avascular Osreonecrosis

86
Q

Due to bacterial infection inside a joint capsule

A

Septic arthritis

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