M100 integumentary review Flashcards
1
Q
What structures does the integumentary system include
A
Skin and appendages
2
Q
State the appendages of the skin
A
Nails, hair, glands
3
Q
What does integument mean
A
“To cover/ Covering”
4
Q
What is the principle organ of the integumentary system
A
Skin
5
Q
What are the sheet like structures of the I.S called
A
Membranes
6
Q
What cover and protect the body surface, line hollow cavities and cover the inner surfaces of hollow organs
A
Membranes
7
Q
What anchors organs to eachother
A
Membranes
8
Q
What anchor organs to bones
A
Membranes
9
Q
What covers internal organs
A
Membranes
10
Q
What secrete lubricating fluids that reduce the friction of organ movement
A
Membranes
11
Q
What secretes lubricating fluids to decrease friction between bone and joint
A
Membranes
12
Q
State the two major types of membranes
A
Epithelial and connective
13
Q
State the three types of epithelial tissue
A
Cutaneous, Mucous, and serous
14
Q
Whats the primary organ of the integumentary system
A
Cutaneous membrane
15
Q
What type of membrane is also called skin
A
Cutaneous membrane
16
Q
State the largest organ of the body
A
Cutaneous Membrane
17
Q
Which membrane has a superficial layer of epithelial cells and underlying area of supportive connective tissue
A
Cutaneous membrane
18
Q
Which epithelial membrane is composed of two layers of tissue known as parietal and visceral
A
Serous membrane
19
Q
The ______ sheet of serous membrane is a thin layer of simple squamous epithelium
A
Epithelial
20
Q
The _____ tissue layer of serous membrane forms a very thin glue like basement membrane that holds and supports epithelial cells
A
Connective
21
Q
The serous membrane that lines the walls of body cavities
A
Parietal
22
Q
The serous membrane that covers the surface of organs
A
Visceral
23
Q
The thoracic cavity serous membranes
A
Pleura
24
Q
The abdominal cavity serous membranes
A
Peritonium
25
____ membranes secrete a thin watery fluid that helps reduce friction and serves as a lubricant while organs rub together and on cavity walls
Serous
26
Epithelial membranes that line body surfaces opening directly to the exterior of the body
Mucous membrane
27
These membranes line the digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts
Mucous membranes
28
The thick, slimy material secreted by epithelial cells of most mucous membranes
Mucus
29
This keeps mucous membranes moist and soft
Mucus
30
A point of fusion where the skin and mucous membranes meet
Mucocutaneous Junctions
31
Places of the body without I.S accessory organs including eyelids ,vulva , nasal openings ect
Mucocutaneous junctions
32
______ membranes contain no epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
33
Connective tissue membranes that line the spaces between bones and joints
Synovial membranes
34
These membranes are smooth and slick; they secrete a thick colorless lubricating fluid called synovial fluid
Synovial membranes
35
These membranes line the Bursae found between moving body parts
Synovial membranes
36
AKA oil glands
Apocrine
Sebaceous
37
The outer later of the skin
Epidermis
38
The layer of the skin with stratified squamous epithelium
Epidermis
39
The deeper layer of skin
Dermis
40
This layer of skin is mostly made up of connective tissue
Dermis
41
This supports the layers of skin and is a thick layer of loose connective fat and tissue
Subcutaneous
42
AKA Hypodermis
Subcutaneous
43
This insulates the body from extreme heat and cold
Fatty fat
44
This structure of skin serves as a stored source of energy can can be used as a food source
Adipose
45
This structure of skin acts as a shock absorbing pad and helps protect underlying tissues from injury
Adipose
46
The structure of skin that contains tightly packed epithelial cells arranged in many different layers
Epidermis
47
The innermost layer of the epidermis
Stratum Basal
48
The cells at the innermost layer of the epidermis reproduce themselves via _____
Mitosis
49
As cells from the stratum germinativum move towards the surface of the skin the cells cytoplasm is replaced with ______
Keratin
50
A protein substance thats tough and waterproof
Keratin
51
This substance provides cells on the outer layer of the skin with a horny abrasion resistance, protective quality
Keratin
52
The tough outer layer of the epidermis
Stratum corneum
53
Gives skin its color
Melanin/ Pigment
54
Which layer of skin is pigment found?
Hypodermal
55
Type of pigment that gives skin a brown color
Melanin
56
Cells that produce brown pigment
Melanocytes
57
The primary function of ______ is protection from UV radiation from sunlight
Melanin
58
The condition when skin turns bluish gray from lack of oxygen
Cyanosin
59
What do we call the area where epidermal and dermal layers meet?
Dermal- epidermal junction
60
The thicker layer of skin
Dermis
61
The layer of skin composed mostly of connective tissue
Dermis
62
The layer of skin that has cells scattered apart
Dermis
63
The tough and strong fibers found between cells of the dermis
Collegen
64
The stretchable fibers found between cells of the dermis
Elastin
65
The parallel rows of tiny bumps for in upper region of the dermis
Dermal papillae
66
These structures bind skin layers together
Dermal Papillae
67
These form ridges and grooves that make up your fingerprints and footprints
Dermal papillae
68
What happens to collagen and elastic fibers with age
They decrease
69
What happens to skin with age
Weakens, sags, less soft, thinner
70
The specialized network of nerves and nerve endings are found in which layer of skin
Dermis
71
What do nerves and nerve endings of the skin sense
Temp, pain, pressure
72
These are found in various levels of the dermis
Nerves, muscles, follicles, sebaceous glands, blood vessels
73
Extremely soft and fine hair of a newborn
Lanugo
74
What areas of the skin are truly hairless
Palms of hand, sides of fingers, soles of feet, lips
75
What causes pubic hair growth
Hormones
76
The tubes where the hair grows
Hair follicle
77
Small, cap shaped cluster of cells where hair begins to grow
Hair papillae
78
The part of the hair thats hidden in the hair follicle
Root
79
The visible portion of the hair
Shaft
80
Cutting/ shaving your hair makes it grow faster?
False
81
Tiny involuntary smooth muscles that cause goosebumps
Erector pillae
82
What makes hair stand straight
Erector pillae
83
These make it possible for the skin to serve as a sense organ
Sense receptor
84
Deep to the dermis they detect pressure
Pacinian corpuscle
85
Closer to the skin, they detect light touch
Meissners corpuscle
86
These detect pain and temp
Free nerve endings
87
These detect low frequency vibrations
Krause end bulbs
88
These accessory organs of the skin are produced by cells in the epidermis
Finger nails
89
Nails are hard due to what substance
Keratin
90
The visible portion of the nail
Body
91
The part of a nail that lies in a groove, hidden by a fold of skin
Root
92
The fold of skin that hides part of the nail
Cuticle
93
The crescent shaped white area of the nail
Lanulae
94
A layer of epithelium that lies under the nail
Nail bed
95
aka sweat glands
Suderofeous
96
AKA oil glands
Sebaceous
97
The most numerous skin glands
Eccrine
98
Two types of sweat glands
Eccrine and apocrine
99
The most numerous sweat glands
Eccrine
100
The waste products eliminated by sweat
Ammonia and uric acid
101
Glands that aide the body in maintaining a constant temp
Sweat
102
Outlets of small ducts from eccrine sweat glands
Pores
103
These sweat glands are found under the armpits and genitals
Apocrine
104
Body odor is caused by body secretions being contaminated by ______
Bacteria
105
These glands have tiny ducts that open into hair follicles
Sebaceous glands
106
Secretions from sebaceous glands that lubricate hair and skin
Sebum
107
The substance that makes up pimples and blackheads
Sebum
108
Increased wrinkling and cracking of the skin in late adulthood is due to _____
Decreased cebum procduction
109
4 functions of the skin
Protection, Vitamin D production, temp, sensation
110
What does the skin protect from
Bacteria, fluid loss, uv rays
111
Treatment and recovery of burns depend of what two things?
Percent of burn, degree
112
What is burn severity determined by
Degrees
113
The most frequently used method of determining the extent of a burn injury
Rule of nine
114
A type of burn with minor discomfort and reddening of the skin
First
115
There are no blisters in this burn
First
116
A type of burn involving deep epidermal layer and upper dermal layers
Second
117
A type of burn with damage to the sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands but the dermis isn't completely destroyed
Second
118
A type of burn with blisters, severe pain, swelling, fluid loss& often scarring
Third
119
A type of burn with damage to the muscle tissue
Third
120
Fungus
Tinea
121
Odor producing sweat glands
Apircrine
122
Vitamin D deficiency
Rickets
123
Inflammation of the dermis
Dermatitis
124
AKA bedsore
Decubitis ulcer
125
Skin cancer that often affects those with AIDS
Kapsoi sarcoma
126
Malignant neoplasm that involves melanin producing cells
Malignant melanoma
127
AKA ringworm
Dermatophytosis
128
AKA athletes foot
Tinea pedis
129
given with a hypodermic needle
Subcutaneous injection
130
Glands that produce ear wax
Cerminious
131
Inflammation of the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity
peritonitis
132
Inflammation of the serous membranes of the chest cavity
Pleurisy
