M100 Integumentary pathologies Flashcards by Mallory Draa

Lesions

AKA Comedos
Small masses of hardened discolored sebum that was exposed to air

Blackheads

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Region in tissue which has suffered damage through injury or disease

Lesions

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AKA contusion or hematoma

Bruise

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Large blister

Bulla (plural bully)

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Elevated circular mound

Cyst

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Deep cut or tear in skin/ Skin&flesh

Laceration

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Flat skin discoloration (think freckles)

Macule

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Elevated solid lesion

Papule

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Elevated or depressed area of skin, mat be flat topped or rounded

Plaque

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Small blister or pimple in the skin contains pus

Pustule

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Mark left on skin where a bun or sore has not healed completely and fibrous connective tissue has developed. A keloid on of these is a raised on caused by excess collegen

Scar

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Round sore on skin or mucous membrane with loss or epidermis and portions of dermis

Ulcer

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Bubble like sac of fluid when water is stuck under the epidermis

Vessicle

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Red, swollen mark left on flesh by a blow or pressure; also seen with hives

Wheal

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Pale or white topped pustule on the skin

Whitehead

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Auto Immunune, Genetic or Congenital :)

You got this!

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Genetic mutation; congenital absence of melanin

Albinism

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Due to pigmentation or dilated capillaries at birth aka birth mark

Nevus

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Common, noncontagious, autoimmune chronic skin disease
SIlver scales

Psorisis

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Autoimmune disorder of the connective tissue; inflammation and overproduction of collegen. 30-50yos

Scleroderma

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Autoimmune acquired condition of leukoderma that affects skin or hair (Micheal Jackson)

Vitiligo

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Tumors/ Neoplasms

Yay

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Benign tumors made of blood or lymphatic vessels; common in newborns and typically disappear in childhood

Angioma

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2nd leading casue of death in women (mastectomy)

Breast cancer

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Caused by pressure and friction; cone shaped areas on or between toes. thickening of keratin central

Corns

Most common breast disorder; makes breast cancer more common

Fibrocystic disease

Benign tumor formed of mature fat cells; soft, moveable subcutaneous nodule

Lipoma

Formed by melanocytes; watch for changes, can turn malignant. AKA Nevus

Mole

Benign growths that appear in the middle age/ elderly. Brown/black *flat areas

Seborrheic Keratosis

Small, soft, skin colored/ pigmented benign growths. often found near axillary& groin area

Skin tags

Subcutaneous tumor of the sebaceous glands that contain sebum, keratin and hair follicle cells

Steatoma

Least malignant and most common skin cancer

Basal cell carcinoma

Begins as a pigmented lesion that develops into an ulcerated crater. May be invasive, but rarely metastisizes

Squamous cell carcinoma

Most serious and least common of the skin that metastasizes quickly . use ABCDs to identify

Malignant melanoma

Dermatitis/ Eczema

Keep it up!!

Due to an allergy or hypersensitivity. Oozing crusting and itching AKA eczema

Atopic dermatitis

Due to contact with chemicals or other exterior agents that damage or irritate the skin ie; poison ivy, medication, rubber

Contact dermatitis

Acute or chronic inflammatory condition; dry or moist lesion; they can be scales, vesicles or papules

Dermatitis

Caused by overactive sebaceous glands; oily/ shiny condition of the nose, forehead, scalp& possibly hair (dandruff, eczema , seborrhea

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Inflammation caused by staphylococci

Staphylodermitis

Bacterial infections

yummy

Chronic inflammation or the sebaceous glands and hair follicles; acne vulgaris is most common in puberty. Blackheads, whiteheads, cysts

Acne

Local staphylococcal: enters hair follicles, looks like acne but lesions are bigger

Boils

Acute, rapidly spreading; usually found in lower extremities, redness, heat, swelling and pain

Cellulitis

Most common STD/STI; thin watery discharge and painful urination

Chlamydia

Streptococcal infection; massage contraindicated

Erysipelas& ecthyma

Infection& inflammation of the hair follicle

Folliculitis

Discharge and burning sensation when urinating; if untreated bacteria can enter bloodstream. Women can show no symptoms

Gonorrhea

Acute, highly contagious; typically found on the face& on children. Small itchy red bumps, yellow thick crust

Impetigo

Single, painless chancre on penis or vagina; sore is hard and ulcerated, sore may go away and reappear as a rash known as secondary syphilis which can cause degeneration

Syphilis

Viral infections

wooooo almost done!

Caused by herpes zoster virus; adults have more serious symptoms

Chicken pox

Caused by herpes zoster; must have had chicken pox in the past, lies dormant until sickness or stress arises in older age. Vaccine available

Shingles

Two types: One; cold sores or blisters on the face/ mouth Two; vesicular lesions(blisters) on thighs, buttocks, penis, vagina or anus. When blisters break they becomes skin ulcers. Often enters through muscous membranes

Herpes Simplex

Highly contagious; symptoms begin 10-12 after contact. Rubella very dangerous for unborn babies

Measles/ German measles

Single boil Cluster or boils

Furruncle Carbuncle

Superficial skin infection with firm flesh colored donut shaped bumps; sunken centers contain a white, curd like bacteria. Incubation can be weeks to months

Molluscum Contagiosum

Caused by HPV. Contagious; benign growth of the keratin producing cells Common; raised rough surface Plantar; grow inward, painful Veneral; itchy, genital

Warts

Fungal infections

Tinea

Fungal infection

Candidiasis

Thrush- when developed in the mouth Diaper rash

AKA Dermatophytosis

RIng worm

Tinea corposis

Non hair part of the body

Tinea pedis

Athletes foot

Tinea capitis

On head

Tinea cural

Jock itch

Parasitic Infections

Bed bugs

(just know this one)

Pediculosis; Capitis (head) Pubis (genital) corposis (body)

Lice

Parasitic Mite that burrows under the epidermis

Scabies

Miscellaneous!

You might already know these but some have different definitions in this :)

AKA; Acne simplex and vulgaris. Can be caused by many different things

Acne

Multiple causes, hair loss/ balding

Alopecia

Absolute or partial deficiency of sebum resulting in scaly dry skin

Asteatosis

Rules of nines Four degrees for each layer of skin

Burn

Increased deposits of pigmentation AKA mask of pregnancy

Chloasma

Bedsore

Decubitus ulcer

Aka Callus Superficial thickened patch of epidermis

Keratoma

AKA freckles

Lentigines

Excessive oiliness and chronic inflammation of cheeks and nose

Rosacea

Unknown cause, abnormal brown skin patches. Typically In old people

Stains

Allergic or emotional reaction Ex; hives or welts

Urticaria

Fat build up under under the skin, appears yellowish often seen around the eyes. Typically suggests a high cholesterol level

Xanthoma

Rough dry skin; scales or cracks possible. AKA winter itch

Xeroderma

Yellow pigments found in dermis

Caratone

Blue; lack of oxygen

Cyanosis

Red

Erythema

Yellow

Jaundice

Due to congenital defective pigmentations. Vitiligo is a type of thsi

Leukoderma

Produced by the melanocytes

Melanin

White

Pallor