Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHTY3130 M1 > M1-L13: Ax Tactile - Theory > Flashcards

M1-L13: Ax Tactile - Theory Flashcards

1
Q

What is touch?

A

“…it has always fascinated me that two of the earliest sensory experiences in foetal development, touch and pain, are also the experiences that help us stay in contact with life until life ends.’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the definition of tactile?

A

Tactile, or touch sensation, is received by mechanoreceptors and travels via neural pathways transmitting information about objects contacting the skin to the brain for interpretation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 4 mechanoreceptors?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the neural correlation for tactile look like?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does tactile information received look like?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is registration/sensation in tactile information?

A
  1. The initial awareness of sensory information
  2. Awareness/detection of touch

What is required for accurate processing? (Detection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is perception in tactile information?

A
  1. To understand, interpret or give meaning to stimuli
  2. Processing of where (spatial), when (temporal) & modality specific (texture) aspects.
    • Where was I touched?
    • When wad I touched?
    • What does it feel like?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the combination between tactile and perception?

A

Haptic perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is haptic perception?

A

deals with the retrieval, analysis, and interpretation of the tactile properties (e.g. size, shape, texture) and identity of objects through manual and in-hand manipulation

  • Use movement and sensation (feeling)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 2 types of “Senses” in SENSATION for tactile?

A
  1. [-] Low tactile registration (doesn’t detect)
  2. [+] Hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli (over sensitive)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an characteristic of “ Low tactile registration (doesn’t detect)” for SENSE for tactile?

A
  1. Cannot detect or register stimuli touching the skin
  2. Example populations
    • Cerebral Palsy, TBI, Spina Bifida, brachial plexus palsy, peripheral nerve lesion.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an characteristic of “ Hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli (over sensitive) “ for SENSE for tactile?

A

Able to detect touch better than most – even detect ‘unimportant’ touch.

Example: ASD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are 3 subjective clues for “Senses (Registers) for tactile?

A
  1. “Sarah constantly hurts herself -ˇ she hardly
  2. seems to notice what she’s touching”
  3. “Sam really struggles with doing up buttons and
  4. or getting his socks on.”
  5. “Annie has mosquito bites everywhere.”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are 5 observational evidence for “Senses (Registers) for tactile?

A

Younger child/ children who are unable to verbally respond:

  • Watch response to tactile stimuli
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the objective confirmation for “Senses (Registers) for tactile?

A

Older child-ˇ Tactile registration – Semmes Weinstein Monofilaments

  • Ask the child if they can feel it? Are you or are you not being touched?
  • Ask the child if they can feel it? Are you or are you not being touched?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 2 types of “Engages” in SENSATION for tactile?

A
  1. Avoids/dislikes
  2. Over-seeks / Perseverates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the characteristics for “avoids/dislikes”(1) and “Over-seeks / Perseverates” (1) for ENGAGE in SENSATION for tactile?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are 2 subjective clues for “ENGAGES” for tactile?

A
  1. “David won’t play in the sandpit… or with playdoh…he hates painting…”
  2. “John has this one toy, it’s really bumpy, he won’t put it down”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are 3 observational evidence for ENGAGES for tactile?

A
  1. Does child actively engage with tactile stimuli?
  2. How often?
  3. How long?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the objective confirmation for ENGAGE for tactile?

A

Tactile Behaviour Observation Scale: Measures frequency and length of engagement in tactile activities

  • Number of times, length of time that a child engages with tactile task
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are 3 characteristics of tactile defensiveness which impacts ENGAGE for tactile?

A
  1. Form of sensory integration/ modulation disorder
  2. Experience irritation and discomfort from sensations that don’t bother most people
  3. Leads to anxiety, distractibility, anger, fear (Brain is not effectively regulate information)

Can affect eating (not mushy, can’t have sauce)

Teeth brushing, brushing hair, sand play

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are 3 characteristics of NOMINATES in SENSATION for tactile?

A
23
Q

What are the assessments for tactile perception for NOMINATES on SENSATION?

A
24
Q

What are 2 subjective clues for “NOMINATES” for tactile?

A
  1. “David can never find anything in his pencil case, and he’s always dropping things.”
  2. “Andrew’s handwriting is so messy and he pushes way too hard on the pencil.”
25
Q

What is the observationa; evidence for “NOMINATES” for tactile?

A

Slow, inefficient performance of functional tasks.

26
Q

What is the Unilateral Spatial Tactile Perception: Single Point Localisationni in NOMINATES?

A
27
Q

What is the Unilateral Spatial Tactile Perception: Static and moving two-ˇpoint discrimination in NOMINATES?

A
28
Q

What is the Bilateral Multi-ˇdermatomal Spatial Tactile Perception: Double Simultaneous in NOMINATES?

A
29
Q

What is the Haptic Perception: Stereognosis in NOMINATES?

A
30
Q

What is the Texture Perception: AsTex in NOMINATES?

A
31
Q

What is the Temporal Perception: Temporal Order Judgment in NOMINATES?

A
32
Q

What are the 2 types of “SYMMETRY” in SENSATION for tactile?

A
  1. Extinction, hemiparesis, hemiplegia
  2. Localised hypersensitivity
33
Q

What are the characteristics for “ Extinction, hemiparesis, hemiplegia” (2) and Localised hypersensitivity” (1) for SYMMETRYin SENSATION for tactile? What are the examples?

A
34
Q

What are 2 subjective clues for “SYMMETRY” for tactile?

A
  1. “Greg is excellent with his left hand.”
  2. “Charlie has a lot of trouble opening his lunchbox.”
35
Q

What is the observational evidence for SYMMETRY for tactile?

A

Plays using mostly one hand, other hand may not even be used In weight bearing or to assist.

36
Q

What is the observational confirmation for SYMMETRY for tactile?

A
  1. Tactile assessment reveals difference between sides.
    • Do not receive same or similar score on tactile assessment
  2. Observation of child performing bimanual activities.
37
Q

What are the characteristics for “Poor/delayed position adjustments, looks/is uncomfortable” (2) and “Excessive position adjustment” (1) for ADJUSTS in SENSATION for tactile? What are the examples?

A
38
Q

What are the characteristics for “Under-responds to stimuli” (2) and “Over-ˇresponds to stimuli” (2) for TUNES in SENSATION for tactile? What are the examples?

A
39
Q

What are the characteristics for “Under-responds to stimuli” (1) and “Over-ˇresponds to stimuli” (2) for INTEGRATES in SENSATION for tactile? What are the examples?

A
40
Q

What are the characteristics for “Unresolved sensory conflict / mismatch” (1) and “Detects sensory conflict appropriately” (1) for OVERRIDES in SENSATION for tactile? What are the examples?

A
41
Q

What are 3 subjective clues for ADJUSTS, TUNES, INTEGRATES, OVERRIDES for tactile?

A
  1. “He just can’t sit still on the mat with the other kids.”- Poor adjustment
  2. “She is always breaking toys.”- Poor tuning
  3. “She is so slow with everything and needs to watch so closely.”- Poor integration
42
Q

What is the observational evidence for ADJUSTS, TUNES, INTEGRATES, OVERRIDES for tactile?

A

Observation of functional tasks within the context of your tactile assessment findings and other sensory findings.

43
Q

What are the characteristics for “Unsafe – accidental injury, risky, poor control” (1) and “Too safe – fear, avoidance, low experience” (1) for ADJUSTS in SENSATION for tactile? What are the examples?

A
44
Q

What is the subjective clues for NORMAL in tactile performance?

A

“Greg always seems to hurt his hands on things.”

45
Q

What is the observational evidence for NORMAL in tactile performance?

A
  1. Lack of care or regard fr hands,lack of awareness when stimuli might be painful.
  2. Following positive findings in poor tactile registration assessment, assess environment child lives/ learns/ plays in to ensure safe
46
Q

What are the 6 paediatric populations with Tactile deficits?

A
  1. Cerebral Palsy
  2. Developmental Coordination Disorder
  3. Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy
  4. Autism Spectrum Disorder
  5. Down Syndrome
  6. Spina Bifida/ hydrocephalus
47
Q

What is the overal % of tactile impairment in the paeds population with unilateral CP?

A
48
Q

What are the 2 deficits in the other tactile impairments in otherdistributions of CP?

A
  1. 20% of children with diplegia
  2. 42% of children with quariplegia
49
Q

What is the prevalence for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)?

A

50% of children with DCD perform below typical range for SPL on non-ˇdominant hand, 30% for dominant hand. Younger children (6-ˇ8yrs- Beginning years of primary school) performed significantly worse than TD peers

Children that are expected to attend mainstream schools and keep up with normal developing children

50
Q

What is the impact for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)?

A
  1. SPL predicted hand writing legibility and speed of functional tasks
  2. Difficulties with grip force – use too much or not enough pressure when holding objects
51
Q

What is the prevalence of Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy?

A
  1. 75.9% have poorer tactile function on impaired vs unimpaired limb.
  2. 38% have abnormal result on SWM
  3. 53% have abnormal result on 2PD
  4. Impairment in ability to detect touch even as adults
52
Q

What are 3 tactile deficits of Austism Spectrum Disorder?

A
  1. Allow too much tactile information in, affecting ability to regulate bahaviour and make sense of environment
  2. Heightened sensitivity to certain vibration frequencies
  3. Demonstrated abnormality in ‘affective’ touch systems (Associated with emotions) – aberrant responses in C-touch afferents in forearm known to convey affective touch – implications for early social development
53
Q

What are the tactile decifits for Down syndrome?

A

identifying objects with touch

54
Q

What are the tactile decifits for Spina bifida/hydrocephalus?

A
  • Statistically significant differences in graphaesthesia in those children with increased severity of hydrocephalus and high-ˇlevel lesions
  • Considerations for safety and skin integrity.

PHTY3130 M1 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions