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Community Public Health > (M) Lesson 2: Community Organizing, Health Education and Health Promotion > Flashcards

(M) Lesson 2: Community Organizing, Health Education and Health Promotion Flashcards

1
Q

A social group determined by geographic boundaries and/or common values and interests

A

Community

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2
Q

Functions within a particular social structure and exhibits and creates norms, values and social institutions; Members know and interact with each other

A

Community

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3
Q

Whar is ‘community’ in French?

A

Commune

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4
Q

Whar is ‘community’ in German?

A

Gemeinshaft

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5
Q

Described as the special, direct, exclusive and personal intangible relationship associated to a larger society

A

Community

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6
Q

Category of community; share physical space; residents come in contact with each other through proximity, instead of intent

A

Geographic Communities

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7
Q

Category of community; sometimes referred to as “communities within communities”. Members choose to associate with each other based on common interests or shared concerns. Examples ethnic groups, low income groups

A

Communities of Interest

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8
Q

Category of community; groups of people primarily interacting through communication
media instead of face-to-face, “social aggregations that emerge from the Net when people carry on public discussions, long enough, with sufficient human feeling, to form webs of personal relationships.”

A

Virtual communities

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9
Q

“the process of building power through involving a constituency in identifying problems they share and the solutions to those problems that they desire”

A

Community organizing

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10
Q

A process by which community groups are helped to identify common problems or change targets, mobilize resources, and develop and implement strategies for reaching their collective goals

A

Community Organizing

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11
Q

Covers a series of activities (at the community level) that is aimed at bringing about desired improvement in the social well-being of individuals, groups and neighborhoods

A

Community Organization

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12
Q

It is often used interchangeably with community work, community development and community mobilization

A

Community Organization

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13
Q

“Community characteristics affecting its ability to identify, mobilize, and address problems”

A

Community capacity

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14
Q

“Social action process to gain mastery over the lives of the community”

A

Empowerment

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15
Q

“Community organizing starts ‘where peopleare and engage community members as equals’”

A

Participation & Relevance

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16
Q

Processes that lead to accomplishing goal of mutual social benefit - characterized by interrelated constructs of trust, cooperation, civic engagement, and reciprocity, reinforcement by networking

A

Social capital

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17
Q

It is a comprehensive description of a population that defines itself, as a community and the resources that exist within that community, carried out with the active involvement of the community itself, for the purpose of developing an action or other means of improving the quality of life of the community

A

Community profiling

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18
Q

It is a tool for community development

A

Community profiling

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19
Q

a process designed to create conditions of economic and social progress for the whole community with its active participation and fullest possible reliance upon the community’s initiative

A

Community Development

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20
Q

An organized effort of people to improve the conditions of community life and the capacity of the people for participation, self-direction and integrated efforts in community affairs

A

Community Development

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21
Q

7 Key Areas of Community Development; means measures necessary for improving and protecting health and well-being of the people

A

Health and Sanitation

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22
Q

any system that promotes proper disposal of human and animal wastes, proper use of toilet and avoiding open space defecation

A

Sanitation

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23
Q

7 Key Areas of Community Development; enables everyone to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to achieve their full potential

A

Education

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24
Q

7 Key Areas of Community Development; enables the community to provide safety measures in times of adversity as well as in their full potential

A

Safety preparedness

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25
Q

7 Key Areas of Community Development; encompasses air, water, land and other elements and substances that affect mental and physical well being of the people living in it

A

Environment

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26
Q

7 Key Areas of Community Development; activities that promote refreshment of body,
mind and spirit

A

Recreational

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27
Q

7 Key Areas of Community Development; the process of discovering new ways of combining resources with the intention of gaining profit

A

Entrepreneurship

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28
Q

7 Key Areas of Community Development; the underlying belief of what comprises right and wrong in any society

A

Morals of citizenry

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29
Q

refer to the person or groups of person who recognized the problem and are actual members of the community

A

Grass roots

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30
Q

When grass roots plan together to address the problem, it is then called the

A

Bottom-up approach

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31
Q

Approach when individuals from outside the community will initiate community organization. Organizers can enter the community through a well-respected organization or institution that is already established in the community

A

Top-down organization

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32
Q

are termed as such because these individual/s control both formally and informally the “political climate” of the community; may be long time residents of the community who know their community, how it functions, and how to accomplish tasks within their community.

A

Gatekeepers

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33
Q

Organizers must pass through this “gate” to gain entry in the community and must learn how to play their “ball game” and must be approached at their own terms.

A

Gatekeepers

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34
Q

the core group of community members who already recognize the
problem and is interested in seeing the problem solved of community members who already recognize the problem and is interested in seeing the problem solved.

A

Executive participants

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35
Q

They will form the backbone of the workforce and will probably end up doing the majority
of the work force

A

Executive participants

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36
Q

Who forms executive participants?

A

Grass Roots

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37
Q

a temporary group that is brought together for dealing with a specific problem

A

Task Force

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38
Q

formal alliance of organizations that come together to work for a common goal

A

Coalition Group

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39
Q

T or F; Task group is not dissolved after resolving the problem

A

False (they are)

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40
Q

What are the 2 reasons to complete a comprehensive assessment?

A

Information is needed for change
Information is needed for empowerment

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41
Q

a process by which data about the issues of concern are collected and analyzed.

A

Needs Assessment

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42
Q

Intervention strategies; refers to using mass media, billboards, booklets, flyers, pamphlets, infographics, posters and other IEC materials

A

HEALTH COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES

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43
Q

Intervention strategies; methods to teach the community through lecture/webinar/seminars; small group discussions, modules

A

HEALTH EDUCATION STRATEGIES

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44
Q

Intervention strategies; executive orders, laws, ordinances, policies, position statements
and regulations

A

HEALTH POLICY/ENFORCEMENT STRATEGIES

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45
Q

Intervention strategies; it is designed to change the structure of services or system of care to improve health promotion services: bike lanes, No Smoking signs

A

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE STRATEGIES

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46
Q

Intervention strategies; using health risk appraisals, community screening for health problems and immunization clinic

A

HEALTH-RELATED COMMUNITY SERVICES

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47
Q

Intervention strategies; modifying behavior to stop smoking, start exercise, manage stress and regulate diet

A

BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION ACTIVITIES

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48
Q

Refers to resources that can be available within the community

A

Horizontal relationship

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49
Q

Refers to resources that can be through assistance from other local units outside the community

A

Vertical relationships

50
Q

The direct product of the program

A

Output

51
Q

Refers to the benefits received by the participants

A

Outcomes

52
Q

Any combination of planned learning experiences using evidence-based practices and/or sound theories that provide the opportunity to acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to adopt and maintain health behaviors (Joint Committee on Health Education and Promotion Terminology)

A

Health Education

53
Q

T or F; Health Education is in a larger scale than Health Promotion

A

False (Health Educ is only a part)

54
Q

Its purpose is to provide health information and knowledge to individuals and communities as well as to provide skills to enable them to adopt healthy behaviors voluntarily

A

Health Education

55
Q

It may be in the form of lectures, seminars or courses; it can also be communicated to people through pamphlets and notes

A

Health Education

56
Q

Focus is on the continuity of activities essential for preventing diseases, prolonging life and promoting health

A

Prevention

57
Q

Activities that will prevent a problem or a disease before it occurs

A

Primary Prevention

58
Q

Also known as health maintenance involves activities aimed at early diagnosis, prompting treatments and disability limitation

A

Secondary Prevention

59
Q

Involves population-based screening of the disease before it becomes symptomatic
(for early detection)

A

Secondary Prevention

60
Q

Goal is to minimize residual disability and helping the client to learn to live productively with limitations

A

Tertiary Prevention

61
Q

What is the key concept and core strategy in health promotion?

A

Social Mobilization

62
Q

Components of Social Mobilization; the process of convincing a specific group of people about the necessary action on a specific goal

A

Advocacy

63
Q

Components of Social Mobilization; linking of related institutions and their resources to achieve common objective

A

Networking

64
Q

Components of Social Mobilization; dissemination of information and correction of misconceptions/false beliefs and promotion of health behaviors and values.

A

Information, Education and Communication

65
Q

Components of Social Mobilization; a continuing process of acquiring knowledge, attitudes and skills to perform the functions they have been assigned to or hired for

A

Capability Building

66
Q

Components of Social Mobilization; the process of determining the effectiveness of the program and efficient implementation in advocacy and mobilization

A

Monitoring & Evaluation

67
Q

“Process of empowering people to make healthy lifestyle choices and motivating them to become better self-managers “ (NDAP 2015)

A

Health promotion

68
Q

is a social and political action enhancing public awareness of health, fostering healthy lifestyle and creating conditions conducive to health”
(WHO)

A

Health promotion

69
Q

Is a process of enabling people to take action to improve their health”
(National Center for Health Promotion – Dept. of Health)

A

Health promotion

70
Q

Any process that enables individuals or communities to increase control over the determinants of their health

A

Health promotion

71
Q

a clear statement of action for health promotion which first came out in 1986 at the first International Conference on Health Promotion

A

Ottawa Charter

72
Q

When did Ottawa Charter first came out

A

1986

73
Q

What did the Ottawa Charter targeted to achieve?

A

Health for All by the year 2020 and beyond

74
Q

Where did the first International Conference on Health Promotion happen

A

Ottawa, Canada

75
Q

approach concept: “health is created and lived by people within the settings of their everyday
life: where they learn, work, play and love”

A

Settings-based

76
Q

means conducting health promotion in schools, workplaces, markets, residential areas to address priority health problem

A

Settings-based design

77
Q

Health Promotion Strategy Framework (2030) Priority Areas; enabling improved nutrition and increased physical activity

A

Diet and Physical Activity

78
Q

Health Promotion Strategy Framework (2030) Priority Areas; minimizing environmental and climate impacts on health

A

Environmental health

79
Q

Health Promotion Strategy Framework (2030) Priority Areas; reducing deaths and disabilities from vaccine-preventable diseases

A

Vaccines & Immunization

80
Q

Health Promotion Strategy Framework (2030) Priority Areas; preventing tobacco, illicit drug use & binge drinking

A

Substance Use

81
Q

Health Promotion Strategy Framework (2030) Priority Areas; Increasing psychosocial and mental well-being

A

Mental health

82
Q

Health Promotion Strategy Framework (2030) Priority Areas; Promoting positive sexual and reproductive behavior

A

Sexual & Reproductive Health

83
Q

Health Promotion Strategy Framework (2030) Priority Areas; Fostering safe and inclusive communities

A

Violence and Injury Prevention

84
Q

The policy focuses on regulating the TFA content of pre-packaged food (chips, biscuits and other baked products) and replace TFA with alternative fats and oils without significant difference in its taste and costs.

A

Administrative Order No. 2021-0039

85
Q

The policy focuses on regulating the TFA content of pre-packaged food (chips, biscuits and other baked products) and replace TFA with alternative fats and oils without significant difference in its taste and costs.

A

Administrative Order No. 2021-0039

86
Q

What is the Administrative Order No. 2021-0039?

A

The National Policy Framework in the Elimination of Industrially-Produced Trans-Fatty Acid (TFA) for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases

87
Q

Who issues the Administrative Order No. 2021-0039?

A

DOH

88
Q

T or F; The Philippines is one of only three countries recognized by the WHO with best practice on TFA elimination policy,
which is in line with the global target for elimination of TFA by 2023.

A

False (one of only two)

89
Q

It is a cost-benefit evaluation framework proposed by Lawrence W. Green in 1974; help program planners, policy makers and evaluators to analyze situations when designing health programs

A

PRECEDE-PROCEED MODEL

90
Q

Who developed the PRECEDE-PROCEED MODEL and when?

A

Lawrence W. Green, 1974

91
Q

T or F; Under the Precede-Proceed Model, health is regarded as being influenced by both individual and environmental factors; and that there should be active participation of its intended audience (“consumers”)

A

True

92
Q

Precede-Proceed Model; an “educational diagnosis”

A

Precede

93
Q

Precede-Proceed Model; an “ecological diagnosis”

A

Proceed

94
Q

What does PRECEDE stand for?

A

Predisposing-Reinforcing and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation

95
Q

What does PROCEED stand for?

A

Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development

96
Q

Planners should focus on the desired outcomes first, then work backwards to identify strategies to achieve the objectives

A

Precede-Proceed Model

97
Q

Program planners will try to gain an understanding of:
* Social problems that affect the quality of life of the community
* The strengths, weaknesses and resources of the members of the community
* The readiness to change (of the members of the community)

A

Social diagnosis

98
Q

This is done through: community forums, conducting FGDs, surveys, and/or interviews

A

Social diagnosis

99
Q

Diagnosis; refers to the process of determining (and focusing) health issue/s of the community; the environmental and behavioral factors related to prioritized health needs. This may include gathering and making use of either or a combination of primary and secondary data.

A

Epidemiological Diagnosis

100
Q

Diagnosis; analysis of behavioral links to the goals or problems that were identified.

A

Behavioral Diagnosis

101
Q

It is the parallel analysis of social and physical environmental factors other than specific actions that could be linked to behaviors

A

Environmental Diagnosis

102
Q

Selection of factors, which planners believe that if modified, will most likely result in behavior change and will
sustain it as well.
* Predisposing factors
* Enabling Factors
* Reinforcing Factors

A

Educational and Ecological Diagnosis

103
Q

This phase will focus on administrative and organizational concerns that must be addressed prior to implementation of the program

A

Administrative and Policy Diagnosis

104
Q

Diagnosis; assess policies, resources, circumstances and prevailing organizational situations that could hinder/impede or help in the development of the health program.

A

Administrative Diagnosis

105
Q

Diagnosis; involves assessing the compatibility of the program goals and objectives with those of the organization and its administration. This will evaluate whether program goals will fit into the mission statements, rules and regulations that are needed for the implementation and sustainability of the program

A

Policy Diagnosis

106
Q

Used to evaluate the process by which the program is being implemented; It determines whether the program is being implemented according to the protocol

A

Process Evaluation

107
Q

This measures the effectiveness of the program with regards to the intermediate objectives and the changes in the predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factor

A

Impact Evaluation

108
Q

This phase will measure the change in terms of overall objectives and will also measure the changes in health and social benefits or quality of life

A

Outcome Evaluation

109
Q

Based on the core principle that community health improvement will work best if multiple sectors will collaborate for collective impact on individual and consequently community health

A

Community Health Impact Model

110
Q

Approaches to Health Promotion; Its objectives was to understand the failure of people to adopt disease prevention and/or screening tests for early detection of disease; t a person’s belief in a personal threat of an illness plus his belief in the effectiveness of the recommended health behavior (or action) will predict the likelihood that he will adopt to this new behavior

A

Health Belief Model

111
Q

Who developed the Health Belief Model and when?

A

US Public Health Service, 1950s

112
Q

Also called the Stages of Change Model (Prochaska et.al.); It identifies stages of change that individuals pass through before actualizing a change

A

Transtheoretical Model

113
Q

Transtheoretical Model; patient does not intend to act yet despite knowing condition

A

Pre-contemplation

113
Q

Transtheoretical Model; patient does not intend to act yet despite knowing condition

A

Pre-contemplation

114
Q

Transtheoretical Model; the patient is planning to act with intention

A

Contemplation

115
Q

Transtheoretical Model; the patient establishes a course of action and sets a timed objective

A

Preparation

116
Q

Transtheoretical Model; the patient takes the courses of action

A

Action

117
Q

Transtheoretical Model; patient focuses on not relapsing and maintaining the plan within the daily routines

A

Maintenance

118
Q

Transtheoretical Model; Patient is actively healthy and no longer interested in returning to old behaviors

A

Termination

119
Q

Suggests that behavior is dependent on one’s intention to perform the behavior; Intention is determined by an individual’s attitudes (beliefs and values about the outcome of the behavior

A

Theory of Planned Behavior

120
Q

Theory of Planned Behavior; beliefs about what other people think the person should do or general social pressure

A

Subjective Norms

121
Q

Theory of Planned Behavior; defined as an individual’s perceptions of their ability or feelings of self-efficacy to perform behavior

A

Perceived behavioral control

Community Public Health (11 decks)

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