lymphatics

Question 1

what systems is the lymphatic system a apart of

Answer 1

circulatory and immune

Question 2

4 major lymph nodes

Answer 2

cervical
axillary
inguinal
mesenteric

Question 3

what does lymphatic system consist of

Answer 3

lymph and vessels

Question 4

how are lymphoid organs split

Answer 4

primary and secondary

Question 5

what are the primary lymphoid organs

Answer 5

thymus gland
bone marrow

Question 6

what are the secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 6

lymph nodes
tonsils
spleen
MALT/GALT/SALT

Question 7

spleen functions

Answer 7

filters blood from antigens
produces T and B lymphocytes
removes bacteria in phagocytosis
evokes immunological response

Question 8

thymus functions

Answer 8

produces T lymphocytes
receives immunologically incompetent stem cells from bone marrow

Question 9

immunologically incompetent stem cells

Answer 9

carry the risk of developing hypoimmunogenic tumours and of being infected by viruses without activating an immune response, thus becoming viral reservoirs

Question 10

removal of thymus causes…

Answer 10

decreased T-cell production
increasing susceptibility to infection

Question 11

what are tonsils

Answer 11

Small masses of lymphoid tissue around the pharynx
Trap and remove bacteria and other foreign materials

Question 12

what are peyers patches

Answer 12

tonsils of intestine
capture and destroy bacteria in small intestine

Question 13

MALT / GALT / SALT

Answer 13

mucosa associated lymphatic tissue
gut
skin

Question 14

functions of MALT / GALT / SALT

Answer 14

protects body against foreign materials
transports clean fluids to blood
removes debris from cells of body
produces immune cells

Question 15

what are lymph capillaries

Answer 15

Form the vast network in intracellular spaces of most of the tissues in the body
The wall of lymph capillaries are made of single layer of epithelial cells

Question 16

describe lymphatic system

Answer 16

passive
one way to heart
milking action of skeletal muscle
gravity effects movement

Question 17

how does lymph leak into lymph capillaries

Answer 17

through mini valves
higher pressure on inside closes it

Question 18

what are the two conducting ducts

Answer 18

thoracic and right lymphatic

Question 19

where does thoracic duct receive lymph from

Answer 19

receives lymph from lower body and upper left quad

Question 20

where does duct empties

Answer 20

junction of internal jugular and subclavian veins
thoracic - left
right - right

Question 21

where does right lymphatic duct receive lymph from

Answer 21

upper right quad

Question 22

function of lymph node

Answer 22

filters lymph before returned to blood

Question 23

what happens in a lymph node

Answer 23

bacteria are trapped and then phagocytosed
plasma cells produce antibodies

Question 24

what is lymphoedema

Answer 24

accumulation of fluid due to blockage

Question 25

what is Lymphangitis

Answer 25

inflamed /infected lymph nodes

Question 26

what is Hemophagocytic Lymph histiocytosis

Answer 26

macrophage activation syndrome - attacks other cells

Question 27

common lymphoid neoplasms

Answer 27

leukaemia -chronic and acute

Question 28

what is lymphoid lymphomas and what are the 2 types

Answer 28

increase in WBCs
hodgkins and non hodgkins

Question 29

what is hodgkins lymphoma

Answer 29

15-40 and 55+
abnormal B cell proliferation

Question 30

major red flag of hodgkins lymphoma

Answer 30

pain in lymph nodes after alcohol

Question 31

what is non hodgkins lymphoma

Answer 31

abnormal B cell proliferation
more common
tumours can grow in other organs