inflammation

Question 1

what is it

Answer 1

part of innate defence mechanism

Question 2

2 types

Answer 2

acute and chronic

Question 3

what is acute inflammation

Answer 3

less than 6 weeks
5 cardinal signs

Question 4

what is chronic inflammation

Answer 4

more than 6 weeks

Question 5

examples of acute inflammation

Answer 5

allergic reactions
infection
trauma

Question 6

examples of chronic inflamation

Answer 6

cardiovascular disease
cancer
lupus

Question 7

functions of inflammation

Answer 7

bring immune cells to area
destroy pathogens
remove cellular debris
begin repair

Question 8

what are cytokines and their function

Answer 8

messenger molecules that regulates body response to disease and infection

Question 9

what are acute phase proteins and main example

Answer 9

activates alternate pathways (complement and interferon)
c - reactive peptide

Question 10

functions of acute phase proteins

Answer 10

host defence (removes pathogens)
tissue repair and prevent damage
regulation of inflammation

Question 11

what are 2 phases of acute inflammation

Answer 11

vascular and cellular

Question 12

what happens at vascular phase of acute inflammation

Answer 12

vasodilation
increase permeability
helps removes pathogens through lymphatic drainage
oedema

Question 13

5 cardinal signs of acute inflammation

Answer 13

redness
swelling
heat
loss of function
pain

Question 14

what happens at cellular phase of acute inflammation

Answer 14

neutrophils migrate to swollen epithelial cells through extravasation
chemotaxis
phagocytosis
phagosome is destroyed and releases proteolytic enzyme

Question 15

what are the 5 stages of extravasation

Answer 15

1 margination
2 rolling
3 adhesion
4 diapedesis
5 migration

Question 16

describe each stage of extravasation

Answer 16

1 cells line up against endothelium
2 close contact and rolls against endothelium
3 connects to wall
4 leukocytes squeeze through endothelial cell junctions
5 cells move through vessel wall to affected area (chemotaxis)