lymphatic system (ch 19) Flashcards
why do capillaries lose fluid to tissues
primarily due to blood hypostatic pressure
tissue fluid is called _____
lymph
how do lymph vessels start
as blind-end lymph capillaries
flow of lymph vessels
generally towards the heart
pressure of lymph vessels
very low
flow of lymph vessels is aided by
flap valves
lymph vessels are _____ and comprised of _____
thin, simple squamous epithelium and CT
the two main lymph vessels are
the right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct
function of the right lymphatic duct
drains the upper right quarter of the body
the thoracic duct begins at
the cistera chyli (collector of fatty fluid)
both lymph vessels dump fluid into _____
the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins
what happens if lymphatic drainage does not work properly
fluid builds up in the body tissues, leading to swelling
instances of improper lymphatic drainage
post-surgical swelling (ex: breast cancer)
edema (pregnancy)
elephantiasis (filaria worm parasite that lives in lymph vessels and blocks them)
elephantiasis characteristics
usually occurs in tropical climates, mosquito borne
important cells of the lymph organs
lymphocytes (B and T cells)
macrophages
b cell characteristics
15% of lymphocytes
develops/matures in bone marrow
may turn into plasma cells (produces antibodies)
t cell characteristics
85% of lymphocytes
develops/matures in the thymus
what are memory cells
B or T cells that can live for years, and are prepared for instances of future response
types of t cells
helper, suppressor, cytotoxic, natural killer, memory
function of helper cells
stimulates immune function
function of suppressor cells
tamps down immune system function
function of cytotoxic cells
