Lymphatic System Flashcards
What is the system of lymphatic vessels and capillaries?
Lymphatic System
A portion of the _____ leaks out between capillary membranes and into surrounding tissues.
Plasma
The fluid that leaked out of the blood capillaries are collected into _____.
A parallel system of lymphatic capillaries and then to lymphatic vessels.
The fluid from lymphatic vessels funnel into two _____.
Large Thoracic Ducts
What happens to the fluid once it reaches the chest?
It rejoins the blood.
This is also known as the second circulatory system.
Lymphatic System
How is lymph moved through the vessels?
By squeezing of skeletal muscles
These are regions with a fine mesh that filters dead cells and other large fragments from the lymph.
Lymph Nodes
These cells are found in the nodes and consume materials that were trapped in the mesh.
Phagocytic Cells
These are the two types of cells found in the nodes.
Phagocytic Cells and Lymphocytes
This is where the body’s blood is frequently filtered.
Spleen
These are frequently localized in the nodes.
Immune Responses
Immune responses are particularly localized where?
The Nostrils
These can also be found in the nodes and they monitor the plasma for foreign antigens.
Immunocytes
These are the components of the lymphatic system.
- Lymph (the fluid)
- Vessels/Lymphatics
- Structures and Organs (Lymph Nodes, Spleen, and Thymus
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
- Fluid Balance
- Absorption of Fats
- Surveillance and Defense
How does the lymphatic system maintain fluid balance?
By returning excess tissue fluid and proteins to the blood
How does the lymphatic system help in absorbing fats?
Via lymphatic capillaries or lacteals rather than blood capillaries
Lymph formation depends on _____.
Tissue Fluid Formation
What is tissue fluid made up of?
Water and Dissolved Substances
How does tissue fluid leave blood capillaries?
Filtration and Diffusion
These leak from the capillaries during filtration and are not returned to the bloodstream, increasing osmotic pressure within the tissues.
Proteins
This interferes with the return of fluids to the bloodstream.
Osmotic Pressure
Increasing _____ forces some of the fluid into lymphatic capillaries.
Interstitial Pressure
This drives the entry of lymph into lymphatic capillaries.
Hydrostatic Pressure
_____ are the forces that propel lymph through lymphatic vessels.
Forces that move blood in veins
A condition that interferes with the flow of lymph will result in _____.
Edema
What is the organization of the lymphatic vessels?
Lymphatic Capillaries to Lymphatic Vessels to 2 Lymphatic Ducts to Thoracic Duct (to Left Subclavian Vein) or to Right Lymphatic Duct (to Right Subclavian Vein) to General Circulation
These are tiny, closed-ended tubes that extend into interstitial spaces.
Lymphatic Capillaries
Lymphatic capillaries receive tissue fluid through _____.
Thin Walls
Lymphatic vessels have _____ walls than veins.
Thinner
What composes a lymphatic vessel?
Three Layers (Vessel Wall) and Semilunar Valve
These pass through lymph nodes and merge to form lymphatic trunks.
Large Lymphatic Vessels
What is the purpose of the lymphatic trunks?
To drain lymph from the body
These are small bean-shaped organs made of ovoid or round mass of lymphatic tissue.
Lymph Nodes
What are efferent lymphatic vessels attached to?
Hilum
What are afferent lymphatic vessels attached to?
Convex Surface of the Lymph Node
What are lymph nodes covered with?
Fibrous Capsule Connective Tissue
The fibrous capsule connective tissue extends _____ and divides it into _____.
Inside the Node; Nodules
What are some of the names of nodules?
Tonsils, Adenoids, and Peyer’s Patches
What are housed inside nodules?
Lymphocytes and Macrophages
What is/are the function/s of lymph nodes?
Filter Lymph; Remove Bacteria and Cellular Debris
This is a soft, bilobed organ located along the trachea, behind the sternum in the upper thoracic cavity.
Thymus
The thymus _____ in size during the lifetime.
Shrinks
What surround the thymus?
Connective Tissue Capsule
The connective tissue capsule that surrounds the thymus divides it into _____.
Lobules
What can be found in the lobules of the thymus?
Lymphocytes
The thymus secretes this hormone.
Thymosin
What does thymosin do?
It influences the maturation of T-cells once they leave the thymus.
This is the largest lymphatic organ located between the stomach and the diaphragm.
Spleen
Connective tissue divides the spleen into _____.
Lobules
The lobules of the spleen contain _____.
Sinuses filled with blood instead of lymph; Red Pulp and White Pulp
What is the red pulp?
It contains all the components of circulating blood.
What is the white pulp?
It is similar to lymphatic nodules and contains mostly lymphocytes.
What are the functions of the spleen?
Filters and Purifies Blood; Acts as a Blood Reservoir; Site for Erythropoeisis
This is a condition of extreme edema that occurs when lymph vessels become blocked by filarial worms.
Elephantiasis
These are multiple groups of large lymphatic nodules.
Tonsils
Where are the tonsils located?
Mucous Membrane of the Oral and Pharyngeal Cavities
What are the functions of the tonsils?
They guard the common entrance to the digestive and respiratory tracts.
How do the three types of tonsils differ?
Location, Epithelial Lining, Presence of Crypts, Presence of Definitive Partial Capsule
