Lymphatic System Flashcards
What is lymph?
It’s derived from plasma (fewer proteins)
Washes over tissues to deliver nutrients, remove waste, cell debris, bacteria, viruses
What are lymphatic capillaries?
Where the lymph leaves the system of blood and returns to the cardio system
Valves inside the lymph vessels direct one way (to the heart)
What is the right lymphatic duct?
It drains from the right side of the head, arm, side of thorax to the right subclavian vein
What is the thoracic duct?
It delivers lymph from the rest of the body to the left subclavian vein
What is a natural killer (NR) cell?
A lymphocyte that is part of nonspecific defence
What are T cells?
They help in nonspecific and specific immunity
Has 4 types, T helper, T cytotoxic, T memory and T regulatory
What is a T helper cell?
It recognizes foreign pathogens and activates cells to fight it
What is a T cytotoxic cell?
A T cell that directly kills cells infected by viruses (specific immunity)
What are T memory cells?
A T cell that is in specific immunity and allows repeat exposure to be fought
What is a T regulatory cell?
A T cell that suppresses immune response and stop me multiplication/chemical secretion of other T cells
What is a B cell?
A type of cell in the lymphatic system, has 2 types B plasma and B memory
What is a B plasma cell?
A type of B cell that works in specific immunity to produce antibodies
What is a B memory cell?
A type of B cell that remembers pathogens so that repeat exposure can be fought
What is MALT?
A lymphoid tissue that scatters lymphocytes in mucous membranes lining tracts to the outside environment
What are Peyers patches?
Nodules of lymphocytes at the distal end of the small intestine
What are lymph nodes?
A type of lymphoid cell, they filter lymph on the way back to the blood stream
What are tonsils?
A type of lymphoid tissue, they ring the pharynx to guard against pathogens
What is the thymus gland?
A type of lymphoid organ that uses mature T cells to recognize foreign antigens and destroy T cells that react to self antigens
What is the spleen?
A type of lymphoid organ, used to store RBC (red pulp), lymphocytes and macrophages (white pulp)
What are the 3 lines of defence?
External barriers
Inflammation, anti microbial proteins, fever
Specific immunity
What is non specific immunity?
Widespread, functions the same way each time no matter what
What is specific immunity?
It requires prior exposure to pathogens so it can recognize, react and remember it
What are external barriers?
A nonspecific defence, the skin, mucous membranes, inflammation, anti microbial proteins, fever, leukocytes
What is passive immunity?
It’s acquired through someone or something else
What is active immunity?
The body actively creates its own immunity
What is natural immunity?
Through naturally occurring means, can be active or passive
What is artificial immunity?
It’s not natural, can be passive or active
What are the functions of the immune system?
Helps maintain fluid balance in blood
Distribute lymph to wash over tissue, deliver nutrients, remove waste
Carry absorbed products of lipid digestion
Provide nonspecific and specific immunity
