Lymphatic System

Question 1

What is lymph?

Answer 1

It’s derived from plasma (fewer proteins)
Washes over tissues to deliver nutrients, remove waste, cell debris, bacteria, viruses

Question 2

What are lymphatic capillaries?

Answer 2

Where the lymph leaves the system of blood and returns to the cardio system
Valves inside the lymph vessels direct one way (to the heart)

Question 3

What is the right lymphatic duct?

Answer 3

It drains from the right side of the head, arm, side of thorax to the right subclavian vein

Question 4

What is the thoracic duct?

Answer 4

It delivers lymph from the rest of the body to the left subclavian vein

Question 5

What is a natural killer (NR) cell?

Answer 5

A lymphocyte that is part of nonspecific defence

Question 6

What are T cells?

Answer 6

They help in nonspecific and specific immunity
Has 4 types, T helper, T cytotoxic, T memory and T regulatory

Question 7

What is a T helper cell?

Answer 7

It recognizes foreign pathogens and activates cells to fight it

Question 8

What is a T cytotoxic cell?

Answer 8

A T cell that directly kills cells infected by viruses (specific immunity)

Question 9

What are T memory cells?

Answer 9

A T cell that is in specific immunity and allows repeat exposure to be fought

Question 10

What is a T regulatory cell?

Answer 10

A T cell that suppresses immune response and stop me multiplication/chemical secretion of other T cells

Question 11

What is a B cell?

Answer 11

A type of cell in the lymphatic system, has 2 types B plasma and B memory

Question 12

What is a B plasma cell?

Answer 12

A type of B cell that works in specific immunity to produce antibodies

Question 13

What is a B memory cell?

Answer 13

A type of B cell that remembers pathogens so that repeat exposure can be fought

Question 14

What is MALT?

Answer 14

A lymphoid tissue that scatters lymphocytes in mucous membranes lining tracts to the outside environment

Question 15

What are Peyers patches?

Answer 15

Nodules of lymphocytes at the distal end of the small intestine

Question 16

What are lymph nodes?

Answer 16

A type of lymphoid cell, they filter lymph on the way back to the blood stream

Question 17

What are tonsils?

Answer 17

A type of lymphoid tissue, they ring the pharynx to guard against pathogens

Question 18

What is the thymus gland?

Answer 18

A type of lymphoid organ that uses mature T cells to recognize foreign antigens and destroy T cells that react to self antigens

Question 19

What is the spleen?

Answer 19

A type of lymphoid organ, used to store RBC (red pulp), lymphocytes and macrophages (white pulp)

Question 20

What are the 3 lines of defence?

Answer 20

External barriers
Inflammation, anti microbial proteins, fever
Specific immunity

Question 21

What is non specific immunity?

Answer 21

Widespread, functions the same way each time no matter what

Question 22

What is specific immunity?

Answer 22

It requires prior exposure to pathogens so it can recognize, react and remember it

Question 23

What are external barriers?

Answer 23

A nonspecific defence, the skin, mucous membranes, inflammation, anti microbial proteins, fever, leukocytes

Question 24

What is passive immunity?

Answer 24

It’s acquired through someone or something else

Question 25

What is active immunity?

Answer 25

The body actively creates its own immunity

Question 26

What is natural immunity?

Answer 26

Through naturally occurring means, can be active or passive

Question 27

What is artificial immunity?

Answer 27

It’s not natural, can be passive or active

Question 28

What are the functions of the immune system?

Answer 28

Helps maintain fluid balance in blood
Distribute lymph to wash over tissue, deliver nutrients, remove waste
Carry absorbed products of lipid digestion
Provide nonspecific and specific immunity