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Anatomy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of structures (parts)

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of structures functions (how it works)

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3
Q

Pathology

A

Study of disease

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4
Q

Standard anatomical position

A

Standing, arms at sides, palms and head forwards

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5
Q

Anterior

A

Front/belly

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6
Q

Posterior

A

Backside

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7
Q

Superior

A

Close to top

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8
Q

Inferior

A

Close to bottom

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9
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to connection of body

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10
Q

Distal

A

Far from connection of body

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11
Q

Medial

A

Midline of body

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12
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline

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13
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to surface

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14
Q

Deep

A

Far from surface

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15
Q

Brachial

A

Arm

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16
Q

Carpal

A

Wrist

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17
Q

Cubital

A

Elbow

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18
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

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19
Q

Palmar

A

Palm of hands

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20
Q

Patellar

A

Knee

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21
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of foot

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22
Q

Tarsal

A

Ankle

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23
Q

Abdominal

A

Belly

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24
Q

Axillary

A

Arm pits

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25
Q

Cephalic/cranial

A

Head

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26
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

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27
Q

Facial

A

Face

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28
Q

Inguinal

A

Groin

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29
Q

Pelvic

A

Lower end of trunk

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30
Q

Thoracic

A

Chest

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31
Q

Umbilical

A

Navel

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32
Q

Right hypochondriac region

A

Right upper region of abdomen

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33
Q

Epigastric region

A

Upper middle region of abdomen

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34
Q

Left hypochondriac region

A

Upper left region of abdominal

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35
Q

Right lumbar region

A

Right middle region of abdomen

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36
Q

Umbilical region

A

Middle region of the abdomen

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37
Q

Left lumbar region

A

Left middle region of the abdomen

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38
Q

Right inguinal region

A

Lower right region of the abdomen

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39
Q

Hypogastric region

A

Lower middle region of the abdomen

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40
Q

Left inguinal region

A

Lower left region of the abdomen

41
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Separate right from left, down midline

42
Q

Transverse/horizontal plane

A

Desperate top from bottom

43
Q

Frontal/coronal plane

A

Separate anterior from posterior

44
Q

Supine position

A

Anterior facing up (on back)

45
Q

Prone position

A

Anterior facing down (on stomach)

46
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Has brain, meninges line it

47
Q

Vertebral cavity

A

Has spinal cord, lined by meninges

48
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Has 2, houses lungs, pleural lining

49
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Houses heart, pericardium lines it

50
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Houses digestive organs and spleen, lined by peritoneum

51
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Holds bladder, rectum and reproductive organs, lined by peritoneum

52
Q

Serious membranes

A

Double layered membranes that contain fluid between the layers

53
Q

Visceral pleura

A

Part of pleural membrane touching the lung

54
Q

Parietal pleura

A

Part of pleural membrane not in contact with the lung

55
Q

Visceral pericardium

A

Membrane in contact with heart

56
Q

Perietal pericardium

A

Membrane not in contact with heart

57
Q

Peritoneum

A

Abdominopelvic cavity serous membrane

58
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Between the parietal peritoneum and posterior abdominal wall

59
Q

Mesentaries

A

Where peritoneum comes back parallel to itself

60
Q

Homeostasis

A

All functions of body working together to maintain steady internal environment

61
Q

Negative feedback

A

Process body uses to reverse the direction away from homeostasis

62
Q

Positive feedback

A

Process body uses to increase movement away from homeostasis

63
Q

Disease

A

Abnormally functioning organs or organ system resulting in disruption of homeostasis

64
Q

Acute

A

Rapid onset of disease, severe symptoms and short duration

65
Q

Chronic

A

Slow progression and long duration of disease

66
Q

Predisposing factors

A

Risk factors or activities that are participated in that play large roll in persons overall health

67
Q

Infections

A

Diseases caused by microorganisms

68
Q

Congenital disorders

A

Disorders present at birth

69
Q

Genetic disorders

A

diseases caused by inherited genes

70
Q

Developmental disorders

A

Diseases caused by events that May occur while child is developing in the womb, at birth or after birth

71
Q

Gender

A

Predisposing factor for disease, difference in anatomy

72
Q

Lifestyle

A

Contributor to disease, habits and poor life choices

73
Q

Environment

A

Predisposing factor for disease

74
Q

Hereditary

A

Combination of genetic material from both parents can cause predisposing factors for disease

75
Q

Objective signals

A

Signals that can be measured

76
Q

Subjected signals

A

Symptoms relative to the patient that indicate somethings wrong

77
Q

Pain

A

Symptom indicating physical suffering or distress due to injury or illness

78
Q

Inflammation

A

Symptom of disease, normal immune response to injury or disease, redness, heat, swelling, pain

79
Q

Infectious disease

A

Infections caused by pathogens

80
Q

Communicable diseases

A

Infectious diseases that are contagious

81
Q

Noncommunicable diseases

A

Infectious diseases that are not contagious

82
Q

Cancers

A

Non infectious disease, uncontrollable cell growth and proliferations

83
Q

Immune disorders

A

Non infectious disease, body’s immune system ineffectively protecting and defending itself

84
Q

Hypersensitivities

A

Immune disorder, allergies

85
Q

Immunodeficiency disorders

A

Immune disorder, deficiency in immune systems ability to defend itself

86
Q

Autoimmune disorders

A

Immune disorder, inability for immune system to distinguish between own tissue and foreign tissue

87
Q

Genetic disorders

A

Abnormalities caused by change in genetic material

88
Q

Mental disorders

A

Conditions if the mind, disorders associated with behaviour or psychological well-being

89
Q

Trauma/injury

A

Wound or shock produced by injury

90
Q

Diagnosis

A

Process of determining by examination the nature of the disease

91
Q

Skin biopsy

A

Remove piece of tissue or cells to analyze

92
Q

Skin scraping

A

Take scraping of skin cells to view under microscope

93
Q

Woods light

A

Use black light to view pigment changes in skin

94
Q

Differential diagnosis

A

Used when more than one disease present, list of diseases form most to least severe, then rule out/confirm diagnosis

95
Q

Diagnostic test/screenings

A

Tests used to diagnose patients

96
Q

Palliative treatment

A

Used at end stages, to make comfortable

97
Q

Curative treatment

A

Treatment regimen designed to cure patient

98
Q

Therapeutic treatment

A

Long term plan to restore normal function as much as possible

99
Q

Preventative treatment

A

Steps taken to prevent disease from happening

Anatomy (9 decks)

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