Lymphatic/Immune Systems

Question 1

How do lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries

Answer 1

Lymphatic capillaries are dead end tubes and have flap like valves that open to take in tissue fluid

Question 2

List true statements about lymphatic vessels

Answer 2

They return excess fluid to blood vascular systems
Return leaked plasma proteins to the blood vascular system
Absorb digested fats from small intestine

Question 3

How is a lymph node propelled through the lymphatic system

Answer 3

Contraction of surrounding muscles and pulsing of adjacent arteries move lymph through lymphatic vessels towards heart

Question 4

What are lacteals

Answer 4

Lymphatic capillaries located in the small intestine that function to absorb digested fats

Question 5

Do lymphatic vessels flow away or towards the heart?

Answer 5

Towards

Question 6

What is the primary function of lymph nodes

Answer 6

Removing pathogens/foreign proteins from lymph

Question 7

Where does excess fluid go in the CNS

Answer 7

Drains through nervous tissue and into the cerebrospinal fluid, then returns to the venous blood at the superior sagittal sinus

Question 8

What are lymph capillaries

Answer 8

Structures comprised of endothelial cells separated by flap like mini valves that are opened as fluid accumulates in peripheral tissue

Question 9

A set of lymphatic capillaries that collect fat laden fluids from the intestinal tracts

Answer 9

Lacteals

Question 10

The largest kind of lymphatic vessel is the

Answer 10

Lymphatic duct

Question 11

Lymphatic permeability in contrast to capillaries are…

Answer 11

More permeable than blood capillaries

Question 12

What do lymph and blood capillaries have in common

Answer 12

Both walls consist of endothelial cells

Question 13

The bulges that give lymph vessels a string of bead appearance is because…

Answer 13

The pocket for valves

Question 14

What functions do lymphatic vessels perform

Answer 14

Transport digested fats
return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream
Return leaked plod proteins to the blood stream

Question 15

Name normal components of a lymph

Answer 15

Plasma proteins
Ions
Water

Question 16

Permeability of lymphatic capillaries result from having what

Answer 16

Few intercellular junctions and the presence of minivalves

Question 17

How are lymphatic collecting vessels different from veins

Answer 17

Lymphatic collecting vessels contain more valves than do veins

Question 18

T/F lymph capillaries are absent in the CNS

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Where do T lymphocytes develop immunocompetence

Answer 19

Thymus (t lymphocytes)

All lymphocytes Form is bone marrow.

Question 20

Name the secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 20

Spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and aggregated lymphoid nodules in the small intestine and appendix

Question 21

What are effective in fighting infectious organisms because each one recognizes and acts against a specific foreign molecule

Answer 21

Lymphocytes

Question 22

What are antibodies

Answer 22

They’re proteins that bind to specific antigens and mark them for destruction by phagocytic cells

Question 23

Activated B lymphocytes do what

Answer 23

Differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies

Question 24

T cells bind to antigens that are presented by a special category of proteins called

Answer 24

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)

Question 25

Activated cytotoxic cells (T cells) do what

Answer 25

Attack foreign cells directly by binding to an antigen bearing cell, secreting proteins that perforate the foreign cell’s membrane, and signaling the cell to undergo apoptosis

Question 26

What remains within lymphoid tissue until the body encounters the same specific antigen again, then proliferate rapidly

Answer 26

Memory lymphocytes

Question 27

The organs where the immune and lymphatic systems intersect is/are the

Answer 27

Lymph nodes

Question 28

What are nature killer cells

Answer 28

They act when they detect a lack of “self” cell surface molecules, or the presence of certain sugars on a target cell

Question 29

What does the spleen do

Answer 29

Recycled red blood cells and initiates immune response

Question 30

What lymphoid tissue is associated with the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts

Answer 30

MALT

Question 31

Lymphocytes attack antigens mostly in lymphoid organs(except in thymus) and in…

Answer 31

Loose connective tissue

Question 32

In humans, B lymphocytes originate in

Answer 32

The bone marrow

Question 33

What cell is the largest producer of antibodies

Answer 33

Plasma cells

Question 34

What’s a part of MALT

Answer 34

Aggregated lymphoid nodules
Lymphoid tissue in appendix
Lymphoid tissue in tonsils

Question 35

Where to T lymphocytes originate in

Answer 35

Bone marrow

Question 36

The immune system cell type that is preferentially destroyed by the aids virus is the

Answer 36

Helper T lymphocyte

Question 37

Which lymphoid organs directly fights antigens

Answer 37

Tonsils, aggregated lymphoid nodules, spleen

Question 38

What cell secretes cytokines that will stimulate the proliferation of other types of immune cells

Answer 38

Helper CS4+ T lymphocyte

Question 39

Killer lymphocytes are also known as

Answer 39

CD8+ T cells

Question 40

T/F vaccination mimics acquired immunity

Answer 40

True