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Anatomy > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Monocytes and lymphocytes belong to the group of leukocytes called

A

Agranulocytes

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2
Q

If a patient had an abnormally high number of eosinophils in a differential WBC count, what condition would be suspected

A

A parasitic infection

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3
Q

Monocytes transform into ———— in peripheral tissues

A

Macrophages

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4
Q

What is serum

A

Plasma from which the clotting factors have been removed

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5
Q

Blood protein that contributes osmotic pressure, keeping water from leaking out of the vessels

A

Albumin

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6
Q

What leukocyte is responsible for destroying bacteria

A

Neutrophil

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7
Q

Seen in abundance during parasitic infection

A

Eosinophils

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8
Q

Cell mediator of inflammation

A

Basophils

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9
Q

Parent cell that transforms into a macrophage

A

Monocytes

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10
Q

What blood cell lack macrophages

A

Erythrocytes

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11
Q

The most abundant type of blood cell

A

Neutrophil

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12
Q

What cells are phagocytic and not

A

ARE, eosinophils, neutrophil, basophils

NOT lymphocytes

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13
Q

What are the functions of platelets

A

Secretion of chemicals that call more platelets to the site of the injury

Formation of a temporary patch in the walls of damaged blood vessels

Release of molecules that initiate clotting

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14
Q

What cell develops into macrophages

A

Monocytes

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15
Q

Least abundant white blood cell is the

A

Basophils

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16
Q

Which blood cells are structurally related

A

Eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils

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17
Q

Blood serum is plasma from which album is removed

T/F

A

False

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18
Q

Hematopoiesis is

A

The process which blood cells are formed

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19
Q

Yellow bone marrow gets its color by

A

Fat cells

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20
Q

Which type of Ct occurs in the bone marrow cavity

A

Reticular

21
Q

List statements about arteries

A

Have smaller lumens that veins of similar size
Walls are thicker than veins
More elastic than veins

22
Q

Capillaries consist of only this layer

A

Tunica intima

23
Q

Wide leaky capillaries found in bone marrow and spleen

A

Sinusoids

24
Q

Present in most capillaries, these structures are absent in those of the blood brain barrier

A

Intercellular clefts

25
Q

Vessels of the small intestines, renal glomerulus, and synovial membranes that allow passage of fluid and solutes through “windows”in the endothelium

A

Fenestrated capillaries

26
Q

Which layer of blood vessels contains smooth muscle tissue

A

Tunica media

27
Q

Most small molecules pass through a capillary wall through which route

A

Through intercellular clefts

28
Q

Functionally, they’re no valves in arteries because….

A

The blood pressure in arteries in high enough that there is no backflow of blood

29
Q

Blood pressure is high in the

A

Elastic artieries

30
Q

Fenestrated capillaries have what

A

Pores in their walls

31
Q

The largest molecules that pass through the walls in continuous or fenestrated capillaries are thought to use which route

A

Pinocytotic vesicles

32
Q

T/F systemic blood pressure is regulated by adjusting the diameter of arterioles

A

True

33
Q

What is the function of valves in veins

A

They counteract low venous pressure, and prevent backflow of blood away from the heart

34
Q

What are wide leaky capillaries that occur in regions where there is movement of large materials, such as proteins or cells, between blood and tissue

A

Sinusoids

35
Q

Blood flow through heart

A 
1 Superior veins cava, inferior veins cava, coronary sinus 
2 right atrium 
3tricuspid valve 
4 right ventricle 
5 pulmonary semilunar valve 
6 pulmonary trunk 
7 to lungs 
8 four pulmonary veins 
9 left atrium 
10mitral valve 
11 aortic semilunar valve 
12 aorta 
13 to body
36
Q

What heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood around the systemic circuit is the

A

Left ventricle

37
Q

Which heart chamber has the thickest myocardium

A

Left ventricle because it pumps blood at a higher pressure

38
Q

Serous fluid in the pericardial cavity is secreted by the

A

Epithelial cells of both layers of the serous pericardium

39
Q

What’s the layer of the serous pericardium and is also known as the epicardium

A

Visceral layer

40
Q

The parietal cavity lies between

A

The parietal pericardium and the visceral pericardium

41
Q

Epicardium is the same as

A

Visceral layer of serous pericardium

42
Q

Which layer in the layers of the heart contains cardiac muscle

A

Myocardium

43
Q

Which areas of the heart are innervated by parasympathetic nerve fibers

A

SA and AV nodes

44
Q

Branches of the vagus nerve supply what and causes what

A

Parasympathetic innervation to the heart which slows the heart rate

45
Q

List the conduction sequence through the heart

A

SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

46
Q

What is the effect of parasympathetic fibers carried by the vagus nerve

A

They slow the heart beat

47
Q

Why is the only path of conduction for impulse transmission from the atria to the ventricles through the Avnode and the Av bundle

A

The atria and ventricles are insulated from each other by the fibrous skeleton of the heart

48
Q

T/F the electrical signal that begins each heart beat occurs at the SA node

A

True

Anatomy (9 decks)

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