Blood Flashcards
Monocytes and lymphocytes belong to the group of leukocytes called
Agranulocytes
If a patient had an abnormally high number of eosinophils in a differential WBC count, what condition would be suspected
A parasitic infection
Monocytes transform into ———— in peripheral tissues
Macrophages
What is serum
Plasma from which the clotting factors have been removed
Blood protein that contributes osmotic pressure, keeping water from leaking out of the vessels
Albumin
What leukocyte is responsible for destroying bacteria
Neutrophil
Seen in abundance during parasitic infection
Eosinophils
Cell mediator of inflammation
Basophils
Parent cell that transforms into a macrophage
Monocytes
What blood cell lack macrophages
Erythrocytes
The most abundant type of blood cell
Neutrophil
What cells are phagocytic and not
ARE, eosinophils, neutrophil, basophils
NOT lymphocytes
What are the functions of platelets
Secretion of chemicals that call more platelets to the site of the injury
Formation of a temporary patch in the walls of damaged blood vessels
Release of molecules that initiate clotting
What cell develops into macrophages
Monocytes
Least abundant white blood cell is the
Basophils
Which blood cells are structurally related
Eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils
Blood serum is plasma from which album is removed
T/F
False
Hematopoiesis is
The process which blood cells are formed
Yellow bone marrow gets its color by
Fat cells
Which type of Ct occurs in the bone marrow cavity
Reticular
List statements about arteries
Have smaller lumens that veins of similar size
Walls are thicker than veins
More elastic than veins
Capillaries consist of only this layer
Tunica intima
Wide leaky capillaries found in bone marrow and spleen
Sinusoids
Present in most capillaries, these structures are absent in those of the blood brain barrier
Intercellular clefts
Vessels of the small intestines, renal glomerulus, and synovial membranes that allow passage of fluid and solutes through “windows”in the endothelium
Fenestrated capillaries
Which layer of blood vessels contains smooth muscle tissue
Tunica media
Most small molecules pass through a capillary wall through which route
Through intercellular clefts
Functionally, they’re no valves in arteries because….
The blood pressure in arteries in high enough that there is no backflow of blood
Blood pressure is high in the
Elastic artieries
Fenestrated capillaries have what
Pores in their walls
The largest molecules that pass through the walls in continuous or fenestrated capillaries are thought to use which route
Pinocytotic vesicles
T/F systemic blood pressure is regulated by adjusting the diameter of arterioles
True
What is the function of valves in veins
They counteract low venous pressure, and prevent backflow of blood away from the heart
What are wide leaky capillaries that occur in regions where there is movement of large materials, such as proteins or cells, between blood and tissue
Sinusoids
Blood flow through heart
1 Superior veins cava, inferior veins cava, coronary sinus 2 right atrium 3tricuspid valve 4 right ventricle 5 pulmonary semilunar valve 6 pulmonary trunk 7 to lungs 8 four pulmonary veins 9 left atrium 10mitral valve 11 aortic semilunar valve 12 aorta 13 to body
What heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood around the systemic circuit is the
Left ventricle
Which heart chamber has the thickest myocardium
Left ventricle because it pumps blood at a higher pressure
Serous fluid in the pericardial cavity is secreted by the
Epithelial cells of both layers of the serous pericardium
What’s the layer of the serous pericardium and is also known as the epicardium
Visceral layer
The parietal cavity lies between
The parietal pericardium and the visceral pericardium
Epicardium is the same as
Visceral layer of serous pericardium
Which layer in the layers of the heart contains cardiac muscle
Myocardium
Which areas of the heart are innervated by parasympathetic nerve fibers
SA and AV nodes
Branches of the vagus nerve supply what and causes what
Parasympathetic innervation to the heart which slows the heart rate
List the conduction sequence through the heart
SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
What is the effect of parasympathetic fibers carried by the vagus nerve
They slow the heart beat
Why is the only path of conduction for impulse transmission from the atria to the ventricles through the Avnode and the Av bundle
The atria and ventricles are insulated from each other by the fibrous skeleton of the heart
T/F the electrical signal that begins each heart beat occurs at the SA node
True
