Lymphatic Flashcards
1
Q
lymphatic system
A
- helps immune system emend against infectious agents
- enlargement of lymphatic vessels is sign that organs are defending body
- transports and houses lymphocytes and immune cells
- returns excess fluid to maintain fluid balance
- lymph is fluid transported in lymph vessels
2
Q
lymphatic vessels
A
- tonsils
- lymph nodes
- spleen
- liver
3
Q
characteristics of lymph
A
- 10% of fluid entering interstitial apes not reabsorbed into blood capillaries, ~3 laters daily
- moves passively into lymphatic capillaries due to pressure gradient
- termed lymph once moved inside lymph vessels
4
Q
components of lymph
A
- water, dissolved solutes, and small amount of protein
- pathogens of metaswized cancer cells
5
Q
lymphatic capillaries
A
- overlapping endothelial cells
- one way flaps allows fluid entrance but not exit, pressure allows cells to separate to allow fluid to become lymph
- anchoring filaments
- help hold endothelial cells to each other and nearby structures
- lacteals
- lymphatic capillaries in GI tract, allow for absorption of lipid-soluble substances from GI tract
6
Q
movement of lymph into lymphatic capillaries
A
- increase in hydrostatic pressure in interstitial spaces
- rises as additional fluid is filtered from blood capillaries
- pressure pushes fluid into lymphatic capillaries called lumen
- higher pressure=great volume of fluid entering
- pressure of lymph causes endothelial cels to close
- lymph is transported through network of increasing larger vessels
7
Q
vessel sizes (smallest to largest)
A
- lymphatic capillaries
- lymphatic vessels
- lymphatic trunks
- lymphatic ducts
8
Q
lymphatic vessels
A
- formed from capillaries
- superficial vessels positioned adjacent to superficial veins
- Depp vessels next to deeps arteries and veins
- have valves in their lumen to prevent blood from pooling and prevent back flow in low-pressure system
9
Q
lymphatic system lacks a pump
A
- relies on…
- contraction of skeletal muscles
- contraction of respiratory pump
- movement of blood
- some connect directly to lymph nodes
10
Q
lymphatic trunks
A
- fed into by lymphatic vessels in left and right side of body
- jugular trunks drain lymph from head and neck
- subclavian trunks drain upper limbs, breast, and superficial thoracic wall
- bronchomedialstinal trunks drain deeps thoracic structures
- intestinal trunks drain most abdominal structures
- lumbar trunks drain lower limbs, abdominopelvic was, and pelvic organs
11
Q
lymphatic ducts
A
- largest
- drained into by lymphatic trunks
- 2 ducts: right and thoracic
- convey lymph back into venous circulation of blood
12
Q
right lymphatic duct
A
- near right clavicle
- received lymph from: right side of neck and head, right upper limb, right side of thorax
- returns lymph to venous circulation
- junction of right subclavian and right internal jugular veins
13
Q
thoracic duct
A
- larger
- from diaphragm to junction of left subclavian and left jugular veins
- drains lymph from: left side of neck and head, left upper limb, left side of thorax, abdomen and lower limbs
14
Q
thoracic duct structure
A
- has saclike structure at base, cisterna chyli
- travels superiorly from cisterna chyli
- lies directly anterior to vertebral bodies
- passes through aortic opening of diaphragm
- ascends to left of vertebral body of midline
15
Q
cisterna chyli
A
- lipid-rich lymph, chyle, from vessels draining GI tract
- left and right intestinal and lumbar trunks draining here
- where all trunk that have chyle meet
16
Q
primary lymphatic structures
A
- involved in formation and maturation of lymphocytes
- red bone marrow and thymus
17
Q
secondary lymphatic structures
A
- not involved in lymphocyte formation
- house lymphocytes and other immune cells
- provide site of immune response initiation
- lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, and lymphatic nodules
- include MALT
