LYMBIC SYSTEM AND EMOTIONS Flashcards
Emotional response is something…
AUTOMATIC
People can detect … of emotional response, but only us (or not even us) can detect the … component.
Peripheral component (objective=emotion) , central (subjective=feeling)
Autonomic reactions in emotions
Heart beat, respiration, sweating, vasoconstriction/vasodilation
Somatic motor reactions in emotions
Facial expressions and motor automatisms (you see something frightening and you run away)
PERIPHERAL COMPONENTS OF EMOTIONAL RESPONSE
- PARASYMPATHETIC RESPONSE
- SYMPATHETIC
- HYPOPHISIS-CORTICO-SUPRARRENAL AXIS
- Parasympathetic: vagus nerve with insulin
- Sympathetic: adrenaline
- Hypophisis-cortico-suprarrenal: glucocorticoids
PERIPHERIC COMPONENTS IS MEDIATED BY…
Subcortical parts: amygdala, nucleus accumbens, hypothalamus, brainstem (will carry out the motor component)
CENTRAL COMPONENTS OF THE LYMBIC SYSTEM IS CONTROLLED BY…
Orbitofrontal cortex, anterior ínsula cortex, cingulate cortex
Which of the following structures plays a role as a peripheric component of the emotional response?
A. ANTERIOR ÍNSULA CORTEX
B. HYPOTHALAMUS.
C. ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX.
D. CINGULATE CORTEX
B. HYPOTHALAMUS
Cannon Bard VS James-Lange
Cannon Bard thought that first we have a CENTRAL response and then peripheral (we show it to others)
James-Lange however thought the opposite
Maclean proposed the…
TRIUNE ARCHITECTURE
1. BASAL GANGLIA (BRAINSTEM): ANCIENT REPTILIAN BRAIN, fear and aggression
2. LYMBIC SYSTEM: ‘OLD’ MAMMALIAN BRAIN
3. NEO (FRONTAL) CORTEX: ‘NEW’ MAMMALIAN BRAIN (interfaces emotion with cognition)
According to CANNON-BARD…
Emotional experience could happen independently from emotional expression.
LIMBIC SYSTEM is located…
In the limbus below the hemispheres, around the brainstem
The hypothalamus coordinates…
The peripheral expression of emotional states
The hypothalamus has efferents to the…
Brainstem and reticular formation
Hipppcampus is also related to the limbic system (T/F)
Yes, we can link it to the memory.
We can learn how to deal with an exam when being anxious.
The hippocampus helps you to remind that sensation.
PAPEZ proposed…
The hypothalamus-limbic lobe
McLEAN proposed the…
Limbic-lobe connected to forebrain.
He said that the hippocampus helped us remember emotions
LIMBIC SYSTEM
Role of amygdala
Is the emotion POSITIVE or NEGATIVE?
We identify other people’s emotions thanks to…
The amygdala
Where would you localise a lesion in a patient with facial emotion recognition deficits (as fear) and preserved skills in facial recognition?
In the amygdala (the person can distinguish the person but not their emotions)
Amygdala is connected to…
Motor, prefrontal and visual cortex. And then it is sending info towards the brainstem.
If this circuit is damaged=bad emotional response
Amygdala and accumbens
Fear= amygdala working
Joy/pleasure= nucleus accumbens
If a lesion in …: placidity, hyperporality…
AMYGDALA
Neurotransmitter nucleus accumbens in gratification response
Dopamine
Nt amygdala in aversion response
Glutamate
Emotional experience reflect an interpaly between … (Hypothalamus & Amygdala)
higher brain centers and subcortical regions
Noxious or pleasurable stimuli trigger … ( simple to execute, requiring NO conscious control)
autonomic and endocrine responses
Second set of mechanisms act later; involving …
cerebral cortex (feeling)
Primary emotional responses are learned. Amygdala connect with … cortices ( cognitive interpretation of emotional states)
temporal & frontal
Memory may activate ascending … projections to brainstem–activating the conscious sensation of the remembered emotional state (gut feelings)
NA & Ach
