CEREBELLUM Flashcards

1
Q

El … representan sistemas de retroalimentación sobre la corteza motora que refinan en última instancia la salida motora desde la misma

A

cerebelo (A) y los ganglios basales (B)

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2
Q

El cerebelo proporciona …., que se usa para optimizar el programa motor

A

información propioceptiva compleja sobre la posición del cuerpo en el espacio en tiempo real

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3
Q

Organización general de los sistemas motores

A
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4
Q
A
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5
Q
A
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6
Q
A
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7
Q

La unidad de procesamiento cellular de la corteza cerebelosa son las …

A

células de Purkinje

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8
Q

La inhibición de las neuronas de los núcleos
profundos del cerebelo por parte de las … da
lugar a cambios en el patrón y frecuencia de disparo de estas neuronas

A

células de Purkinje

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

Fastigial nucleus receives info from…

A

Vestibulocerebellum: balance information
They project back to the vestibular nuclei

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11
Q

Spinocerebellum projects to… with … info

A

Interposed nucleus, propioception

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12
Q

Vestibulocerebellum controls…

A

Equilibrium

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13
Q

Spinocerebellum controls…

A

Position, muscles tone

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14
Q

The … is connected to the dentate nucleus and it deals with … info

A

Pontocerebellum, pontine nuclei (which come from cortex)

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15
Q

EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE CEREBELLUM

A
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16
Q

Localization of fronto‐, parieto‐, temporo‐, and occipitopontine fibers in the crus cerebri

A
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17
Q

Cell layers in cerebellum

A
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18
Q

Tipos de células y relaciones sinápticas en la corteza cerebelosa

19
Q

interacciones sinápticas en la corteza cerebelosa

20
Q

Principales tipos de proyecciones aferentes al cerebelo

A

•Fibras musgosas: MOSSY FIBERS
Médula espinal – cels granulares
N vestibulares – “ “
N del puente – “ “

+ Fibras trepadoras: CLIMBING FIBERS
oliva inferior – 1:1 cél Purkinje

21
Q

Esquema del resultado de la activación de un haz de fibras paralelas sobre las células de Purkinje de su dominio, sobre la salida corticonuclear y la salida cerebelosa

22
Q

Info exiting the cerebellum will go through:

A
  • SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE to THALAMUS, RED NUCLEUS (MIDBRAIN), RETICULAR FORMATION AND VESTIBULAR NUCLEUS.
  • INFERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE to RETICULAR FORMATION.
23
Q

Las lesiones cerebelosas producen alteraciones de la coordinación y el equilibrio, que en conjunto se suelen denominar:

24
Q

En la ataxia, los movimientos tienen un curso ondulante: se pasa, no llega, se pasa otra vez, a lo largo de la trayectoria deseada. Los movimiento atáxicos presentan … (ritmo anormal) y … (trayectoria anormal)

A
  • disritmia
  • dismetría
25
Lesiones en hemisferios cerebelosos pueden causar…
trastorno del movimiento coordinado (disinergia), ataxia, dismetría
26
Trastorno del movimiento coordinado se conoce como… y es causado por una lesión en el hemisferio cerebeloso
DISINERGIA
27
La incapacidad para realizar movimientos alternantes rápidos se conoce como… y viene dada por lesiones en los hemisferios cerebelosos.
disdiadococinesia
28
FIBERS THAT ENTER THE CEREBELLUM
-Spinocerebellum tracts (via the inferior CEREBELLAR peduncles) - Olivocerebellar projections (via the inf peduncles) - Vestibulocerebellar projections (via the middle CEREBELLAR peduncles) - Pontocerebellar fibers (via the middle CEREBELLAR peduncles)
29
FIBERS THAT EXIT THE CEREBELLUM
- To vestibular nuclei: control posture - To the reticular formation: reticulospinal tract-lower limb extension - To the red nucleus: RUBROSPINAL tract-upper limbs flexión - To the thalamus: VPLo and VPL thalamic nuclei
30
… cells are excitatory. They form parallel fibers and synapse on a row of purkinje cells, exciting them
GRANULE CELLS
31
Fastigial nucleus projects to…
VESTIBULAR NUCLEI
32
Interposed nuclei project to…
RED NUCLEUS
33
Dentate nucleus projects to…
RED NUCLEUS/THALAMUS
34
If a patient presents palatal tremor, he might have the ….cerebellar system damaged.
Cortico/ponto or cerebelo-cerebelo
35
The CEREBELLAR hemispheres are… to the body, … to the brain.
Ipsilateral, contralateral
36
Right cerebellum connects to … inferior olive and red nucleus.
LEFT
37
Left cerebellum connects to … inferior olive and red nucleus
RIGHT
38
Stance and trucal ataxia might show problems in the…
VESTIBULOCEREBELLUM
39
Nystagmus and other abnormal eye movements might show problem in the…
VESTIBULOCEREBELLUM
40
Gait ataxia (widened stance while walking) and hipotonia might show a dysfunction in…
SPINOCEREBELLUM
41
Dysmetria (problems in contraction of agonist and antagonist=decomposing the movement) might show problems in…
PONTOCEREBELLAR/CEREBROCEREBELLAR PATHWAY
42
Dysdiadochokinesia: difficulty in performing repetitive movements, might be caused due to problems in….
CEREBROCEREBELLAR PATHWAY
43
Tremor might be caused due to ….
CEREBROCEREBELLAR DYSFUNCTION