LUNGS/XRAYS/RADIOLOGY Flashcards

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1
Q

-Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain
-collapsed lung with elevation of diaphragm
-shift of trachea to AFFECTED side of collapse

A

Pneumothorax

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2
Q

-strict aerobe
-in apex of lung where the oxygen is greatest

A

Reactivation of TB

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3
Q

-air enters pleural cavity but cannot exit
-mediastinum shift to OPP side
-diaphragm depressed on AFFECTED side

A

Tension pneumothorax

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4
Q

FIXED dilation of bronchioles (irreversible)
-become FLOPPY- leading to collapse during EXPIRATION/ WHEEZING
-chronic/recurrent inflammation/infections

A

bronchiectasis

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5
Q

NON FIXED (reversible) constriction of bronchioles/bronchi
EPISODIC wheezing, dyspnea, cough, aspirin sensitivity
LOWER AIRWAY inflammation/bronchoconstriction

*ASSOC WITH ATOPY (genetic predisposition to produce IgE in response to common environmental allergens, leading to allergic reactions)

A

Asthma

*episode of wheezing after given aspirin for a fever, taking shallow breaths with prolonged expiration

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6
Q

HYPERPLASIA of mucus secreting glands
*one of the main types of COPD

A

Chronic Bronchitis

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7
Q

Proteolytic alveolar wall destruction
-DECREASED total alveolar surface area
-OVERINFLATION of alveoli
*second main type of COPD, most commonly caused by smoking

(rarely in children)

A

Emphysema

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8
Q

two main types of COPD

A

Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema

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9
Q

taking shallow breaths with prolonged expiration

A

Wheezing

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10
Q

small and medium vessels
-eosinophilia, chronic rhino sinusitis, asthma
**mononeuritis multiplex, peripheral multifocal neuropathy (damage to 2 or more different nerve areas)

P-ANCA (anti-myeloperoxidase)

A

eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (churg strauss)

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11
Q

small vessel
saddle nose deformity
hemoptysis, renal failure
**requires immediate immunosuppression at time of dx, cyclophosphamide*

C-ANCA (anti-protease 3)

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener granulomatosis)

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