EMBRYO/FETAL/SEX HORMONES Flashcards
-UNILAT/BILAT adnexal cyst
-recent hx of pregnancy
-super elevated hCG post pregnancy
Theca lutein cysts
-AKA fibroid
-benign neoplasm of smooth muscle origin arising from uterus
-estrogen sens, inc in size with preg
Leiomyoma
-sex cord stromal tumor
-assoc w Meigs syndrome: triad of this, ascites, pleural effusion
-removal of this will eliminate ascites and pleural effusion
Ovarian fibroma
B-hCG is produced by
syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta
what attaches the embryonic chorion to the maternal endometrium
cytotrophoblast of the placenta
what is the outer membrane covering the fetus that joins the amniotic structures to form amniotic sac
*develops villi that invades uterine decide to supply blood to fetus
Chorion
Precocious puberty, girls <8 years old (breast size increase, axillary/pubic hair development)
-hx of bone fractures, cafe au lait spots (hyper pigmented macules with irregular contours)
-GNAS gene mutation
-GnRH dependent INCREASE in FSH/LH
-INCREASED production of pituitary hormones
Mccune Albright Syndrome
**be careful, the other syndrome associated with cafe au lait is NF 1 (AD NF1 gene mutation on chromosome 17, with lisch nodules (pigmented iris hamartomas), gliomas, seizures, pheochromocytoma) NOT puberty probs
a tumor where can result in increased androgens and premature adrenarche (pubic/axillary hair, acne, body odor) NOT increased breast size
Zona reticularis tumor in adrenal cortex
what tumor is associated with increased estrogen production, precocious puberty, or postmenopausal bleeding
Granulosa cell tumors of ovary
“baby has expiratory grunting, nasal flaring, chest wall retractions, cyanosis, tachypnea IMMEDIATELY OR SHORTLY AFTER BIRTH”
CHEST XRAY SHOWS: low lung volumes, diffuse/ fine/ reticulogranular “ground glass” infiltrates
cyanosis/impaired gas exchange/hypoxemia
pulmonary vasoconstriction, pulmonary hypertension
INCREASED alveolar surface tension
INCREASED A-a gradient
V/Q mismatch
DECREASED lung compliance
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
**CAUSED BY SURFACTANT DEFICIENCY
(risk factors include maternal diabetes and C sections)
ADE: PNEUMOTHORAX do to decreased lung compliance
exposure to DES (diethylstilbestrol) in utero, is most significant risk factor for developing:
Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina
HPV infection leads to increased risk of developing
squamous cell carcinoma of vagina
endometrial hyperplasia is a risk factor for developing
endometrial carcinoma