Lungs: Respiratory Failure T1, T2 Flashcards
1
Q
T1RF
- diagnosis
- causes
A
PO2 U8kPa
CO2 normal/low
HYPOXIA - IMPAIRED GAS EXCHANGE
Detected by SaO2
VQ mismatch, low PiO2, alveolar hypoventilation Pulmonary edema, fibrosis Pneumonia Atlectasis, pneumothorax Asthma, COPD
2
Q
T2RF
- diagnosis
- causes
A
PO2 8kPa+
PCO2 6kPa+
HYPOXIA + HYPERCAPNIA - PUMP FAILURE
Detected by ABG
Low neural drive -polio, MND, SC injury, GBS, MG, encephalitis -opiates Low muscle capacity -DMD, BMD Increased resp load -kyphoscoliosis, obesity, COPD
3
Q
Presentation
- acute
- chronic
A
SOB
Cyanosed, sleepy
Confused
SOB
Sleep disordered breathing
End organ injury
4
Q
Management of T1RF
A
O2 if hypoxic
- 15L NRM - 94-98%
- Venturi mask - 88-92% CO2 retainer
If no improvement => CPAP (NIV)
5
Q
Management of T2RF
A
If low ventilation rate and starting to tire => BIPAP (NIV) get rid of excess CO2
- no sedation
- not invasive
Invasive - needs sedation (tracheal intubation)
- LOC, resp/cardiac instability
- cannot protect airway, confused
- BUT NOT APPROPRIATE FOR ALL