Cardiac Medications ☺️ Flashcards

1
Q

How do ACEi work

  • CI and SE
  • SE management
A

ACEi => VD, lower BV, BP

SE

  • Cough
  • Angioedema
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Hypotension

CI

  • Pregnancy, breastfeeding
  • Renal disease

Switch to ARB

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2
Q

How do Bb work

-CI and SE

A

Bb => slow HR, block SNS activation

SE

  • Bronchospasm
  • Bed (vivid dreams, fatigue)
  • Cold peripheries
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Hypoglycemia

CI

  • Asthma
  • Uncontrolled heart failure
  • Verapamil
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3
Q

How do loop diuretics work?

  • SE
  • SE management
A

For fluid retention in HF, refractory HTN => inhibit NaKCl transporter

SE

  • Low BP, Na, K, Cl
  • Metabolic alkalosis
  • Gout
  • High glucose
  • Ototoxicity
  • Dehydration

Add K sparing if hypokalemic/arrhythmia prone

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4
Q

How do K sparing diuretics work

-SE

A

Potassium sparing diuretics => prevent Na absorption via ENaC or aldosterone receptor inhibitors

SE

  • High K
  • Gynecomastia, less common with eplerenone
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5
Q

How do thiazide diuretics work

-SE

A

Block NaCl symport

SE

  • dehydration, orthostatic hypotension
  • low Na, K
  • High Ca
  • gout
  • impaired glucose tolerance
  • impotence
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6
Q

How does ivabradine work

-SE

A

Reduced If current => reduced cardiac pacemaker activity

SE

  • headache
  • bradycardia, heart block
  • visual changes

CI

  • pregnancy, breast feeding
  • hepatic/renal impairment
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7
Q

How does ranolazine work

-SE

A

Inhibits late Na from ischemia => prevents electrical and mechanical dysfunction

SE

  • headache, dizziness
  • N+V
  • constipation

CI

  • pregnancy, breast feeding
  • hepatic/renal impairment
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