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Anatomy : Respiratory > Lungs > Flashcards

Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

What does each lung possess?

A 
Apex
Borders (margins)
Surfaces (costal, inferior, medial)
Fissures
Lobes
Hilum (on medial surface)
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2
Q

What does the left lung additionally possess?

A

Cardiac impression
Aortic impression
Cardiac notch
Lingula

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3
Q

What does the right lobe additionally possess?

A

Middle lobe
Transverse fissure
Superior lobar (eparterial) bronchus

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4
Q

What lung possesses the following:

Cardiac impression
Aortic impression
Cardiac notch
Lingula

A

Left lung.

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5
Q

What lung possesses the following:

Middle lobe
Transverse fissure
Superior lobar (eparterial) bronchi

A

Right lung.

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6
Q

What is the hilum of the lung?

A

Area on the medial surface of the lung through which structures can enter or leave.

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7
Q

What is the area on the medial surface of the lung through which structures can enter or leave?

A

Hilum.

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8
Q

What is the root of the lung?

A

The structures which enter and leave the lung at the hilum are known collectively as the root of the lung, these have constant relative positions within the hilum and therefore the thorax.

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9
Q

What are the structures that enter and leave the lung at the hilum known collectively as?

A

Known collectively as the root of the lung.

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10
Q

How are the positions of the hilar lung root described?

A

Constant relative positions within the hilum and therefore within the thorax.

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11
Q

What are the 4 structures making up the root of the lung?

A

Bronchus
Arteries/veins
Lymphatics
Nerves

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12
Q

What do the bronchus, arteries/veins, lymphatics and nerves make up?

A

The root of the lung.

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13
Q

Why is it important for the lung to extend over the 1st rib and clavicle?

A

To allow protection over the rib apex.

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14
Q

What allows protection over the rib apex?

A

The lung extending over the 1st rib and clavicle.

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15
Q

Which lung is shorter and broader?

A

Right.

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16
Q

Why is the right lung shorter and broader than the left?

A

Liver causes asymmetry.

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17
Q

What organ gives rise to asymmetry between the lungs?

A

Liver.

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18
Q

What is the fascial membrane covering the apex of the lungs called?

A

Suprapleural membrane.

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19
Q

What is the suprapleural membrane?

A

Fascial membrane covering the apex of the lungs.

20
Q

What is the suprapleural membrane sometimes referred to as?

A

Sibson’s fascia.

21
Q

How does the suprapleural membrane lie?

A

Is flat and lies in the oblique plane of the thoracic inlet, with a cervical dome of pleura attached to its under surface.

22
Q

What lies on the supraleural membrane?

A

Subclavian vessels and other structures in the root of the neck.

23
Q

What is the function of the suprapleural membrane?

A

To provide rigidity to the thoracic inlet that prevents distortion due to changes in intrathoracic pressure during respiration.

24
Q

What membrane provides rigidity to the thoracic inlet that prevents distortion during respiratory pressure changes?

A

Suprapleural membrane.

25
Q

Where do the lymphatics of the lungs and visceral pleura drain into?

A

Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes. From here, they pass on to the tracheobronchial nodes which drain eventually into the left and right thoracic ducts.

26
Q

What is the order of lymphatic drainage from the lungs?

A

Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
Tracheobronchial lymph nodes
Left and right thoracic ducts

27
Q

Where are the bronchopulmonary lymph nodes located?

A

Hilar bifurcations.

28
Q

Where are the tracheobronchial lymph nodes located?

A

Left and right thoracic ducts.

29
Q

What are the. bronchopulmonary segments?

A

Segments which the lungs are divided into.

30
Q

What are the segments that the lung is divided into called?

A

Bronchopulmonary segments.

31
Q

What is the advantage of bronchopulmonary segments?

A

Each has its own individual blood ana air supply from branches of the pulmonary artery and bronchi.

32
Q

What can happen due to the individual supply of blood and air to each individual bronchopulmonary segment?

A

Surgery to remove a particular segment without adversely affecting any other segment.

33
Q

How many bronchopulmonary segments are in the right lung?

A

10.

34
Q

How many bronchopulmonary segments are in the left lung?

A

8/9.

35
Q

What tissue present within the bronchial wall allows it to be distinguished?

A

Hyaline cartilage.

36
Q

What is always superior in the hilum?

A

Pulmonary artery.

37
Q

Where is the pulmonary artery located in the hilum?

A

Superior.

38
Q

What is inferior and anterior in the hilum?

A

Pulmonary veins.

39
Q

Where are the pulmonary veins located in the hilum?

A

Inferior and anterior.

40
Q

Where does one bronchus lie in the hilum?

A

One lies posterior.

41
Q

What is the pulmonary circulation?

A

Portion of the circulatory system which carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle of the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium and ventricle of the heart/

42
Q

What is the pulmonary circulation contrasted with?

A

Contrasted with the systemic circulation.

43
Q

What are the vessels of the pulmonary circulation?

A

Pulmonary arteries

Pulmonary veins

44
Q

What is the bronchial circulation?

A

Separate system supplying oxygenated blood to the lung tissue and larger airways.

45
Q

What separate circulatory system supplies oxygenated blood to the lung tissue and larger airways?

A

Bronchial circulation.

46
Q

How does the bronchial circulation work?

A

Deoxygenated blood leaves through the pulmonary artery after the right ventricle. From the right atrium, the blood is pumped through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. Blood is then pumped from there through the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary arteries.

Anatomy : Respiratory (14 decks)

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