Lung Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of the pleura.

A

Pleurisy

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2
Q

Caused by Mycobacterium species. Ghon lesions seen on x-ray.

A

Tuberculosis

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3
Q

Consolidation of the lung. Occurs in 4 stages

A

Lobar Pneumonia

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4
Q

Destruction of elastic pulmonary connective tissue that results in permanent dilation of alveoli air sacs. Caused by alpha 1 anti trypsin.

A

Emphysema

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5
Q

Caused by Klebsiella pneumonia. Seen in old age or immunocompromised patients

A

Friedlander’s Pneumonia

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6
Q

Collapse of the lung usually result of bronchial obstruction or mucous plug. Mediastinal shift to the same side.

A

Atelectasis

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7
Q

Inflammation of the cartilage connection between the ribs and sternum. Develops as a consequence of physical activity and is worse with exercise. Pain increases with deep inspiration. Palpable tenderness at the costosternal articulation.

A

Tietze’s Syndrome (costochondritis)

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8
Q

Painful rash following a course of a dermatome usually in a single nerve.

A

Herpes Zoster (aka Shingles)

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9
Q

Caused by CMV. MC seen in AIDS patients.

A

Cytomegalovirus

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10
Q

Defined as long term cough with mucus. Shortness of breath and wheezing. Cigarette smoking is the main cause.

A

Chronic Bronchitis / COPD

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11
Q

Ruptured lung causing air to be trapped in the pleural space. Unilateral darkening of the chest x-ray due to the collapse.

A

Pneumothorax

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12
Q

Cancer of the lymph system. X-ray shows unilateral lymphadenopathy. Reed Sternberg cells present.

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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13
Q

Bronchospasm constricting airways. Type I hypersensitivity reaction is usually triggered by airborne allergens.

A

Asthma

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14
Q

Most often appears in the lungs or lymph nodes of Blacks or African decent. Abnormal collection of inflammatory cells - granulomas - form as nodules. Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy.

A

Sarcoidosis

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15
Q

Irreversible focal bronchial dilation, confirmed by CT.

A

Bronchiectasis

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16
Q

Chronic, progressive, and frequently fatal genetic (inherited) disease of the body’s mucus glands. Glands produce or secrete sweat and mucus. Thick accumulation of mucus in the intestines and lungs

A

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)