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Irene Gold - parts 2 & 3 > Heart, Lungs & Thorax > Flashcards

Heart, Lungs & Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

No QRS complex in EKG is caused by _____

A

No ventricular contractions

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2
Q

Lung Condition assoc with long term cigarette smoking, non-productive cough, unexplained weight loss, and clubbing of the finger nails

A

Bronchogenic Carcinoma

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3
Q

What lung condition is associated with inflammation of cartilage connecting ribs to sternum

A

Tietze Syndrome

(aka costochondritis)

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4
Q

What lung condition is commonly associated with young White males and Reed Sternberg cells?

A

Hodgkin’s

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5
Q

Marked depression of the chest is known as ___

A

Pectus Excavatum

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6
Q

Which breath sound is heard in most of the lung?

A

Vesicular

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7
Q

No QRS complex in EKG is called _____

A

Complete heart block

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8
Q

Two P waves before the QRS complex in an EKG is called:

A

Weinkbochs block of Bundle of HIS

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9
Q

A pulse from decreased cardiac output such as from CHF or aortic stenosis is called:

A

Pulsus Parvus

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10
Q

Jugular Venous pulsations measures the pressure on the ___ side of the heart

A

right

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11
Q

Lung Condition assoc with Mycobacterium cause.

A

TB

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12
Q

A decrease in tactile fremitus is caused by ____

A

air in chest (emphysema or pneumothorax)

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13
Q

What lung condition is associated with a long term cough with mucus due to years of cigarette smoking

A

COPD (chronic bronchitis)

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14
Q

Dextraposition of aorta

Right Ventricle hypertrophy

Interventricular Septal Defect

Pulmonic Stenosis

A

D.R.I.P.

Tetralogy of Fallot

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15
Q

An interruption of the Aortic intima allowing blood into the vessel wall with immediate tearing pain is known as ____

A

Aortic Distension

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16
Q

MC cause of R side heart failure is:

A

L sided heart failure

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17
Q

What lung condition is associated with clubbing of the finger nails and a non productive cough?

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma

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18
Q

Finger nail pattern related to iron defecient anemia

A

Koilonychia (aka Spoon Nail)

COY-low-NICKI-ah

(koilos = hollow; onych=nail)

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19
Q

Heart Valve at Left sternal border, 4th or 5th intercostal space

A

Tricuspid valve

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20
Q

Increased PR interval in EKG is caused by:

A

AV node delay

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21
Q

Vibrations produced by turbulent blood flow are called:

A

Thrills

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22
Q

Slow breathing is known as ______

A

Bradypnea

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23
Q

Lung Condition assoc with long term smoking causing shortness of breath & wheezing; caugh with mucus

A

Chronic Bronchitis (COPD)

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24
Q

A pulse where the amplitude is decreased on inspiration or increased with expiration

A

Pulsus Paradoxus

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25
Q

Lung conditions associated with Wheezing Breath sounds:

A

Emphysema

Asthma

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26
Q

Percussed resonate tone of the lung is an indication of ____ lung tissue.

A

normal

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27
Q

Heart Valve at mid-clavicular line, 5th intercostal space

A

Mitral valve

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28
Q

Lung Condition assoc with AIDS patients and caused by CMV

A

Cytomegalovirus

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29
Q

Pulse related to Left Ventricular failure

A

Pulsus Alterans

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30
Q

What lung condition is associated with Blacks and often appear in the lymph nodes?

A

Sarcoidosis

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31
Q

A coronary vasospasm that comes on with exertion

A

Angina Pectoris

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32
Q

Finger nail pattern related to inflammation of the nail fold near the cuticle

A

Paronychia

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33
Q

Lung Condition assoc with Type I hypersensitivity

A

Asthma

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34
Q

Respiration pattern characterized by alternating periods of apnea and hyperpnea (has pattern)

A

Cheyne Stokes Respiration

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35
Q

Respiration pattern related to respiratory acidosis

A

Cheyne Stokes

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36
Q

What lung condition is associated with a reptured lung?

A

pneumothorax

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37
Q

A weak or thready pulse is called:

A

Pulsus Parvus

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38
Q

Lung condition associated with Rales breath sound:

A

Bronchitis

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39
Q

Lung collapse from a mucous plug that causes a bronchial obstruction is called:

A

Atelectasis

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40
Q

What lung condition is associated with bronchospasms constricting airways and various hypersensitivities?

A

Asthma

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41
Q

Lung Condition assoc with a rusty brown sputum

A

Lobar Pneumonia

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42
Q

Pulse related to COPD

A

Pulses Paradoxus

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43
Q

Lung Condition assoc with friction rub

A

Pleurisy

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44
Q

A pulse that alternates in amplitude is called:

A

Pulsus Alterans

45
Q

The AKA for secondary heart block where EKG shows two P waves before the QRS complex

A

Weinblochs block of Bundle of HIS

46
Q

Lung Condition assoc with an X-ray finding of B/L darkened lung fields, narrowed compressed heart, horizontal ribs, flattening of the diaphragm domes

A

Emphysema

47
Q

M/C cause of L side heart failure is:

A

hypertension

48
Q

Edema in the extremities and Jugular Venous distension is probably caused by _______

A

R side heart failure

49
Q

Heart valve at Right sternal border, 2nd intercostal space

A

Aortic valve

50
Q

Lung Condition assoc with IgE rise and crystals in the sputum

A

Asthma

51
Q

What lung condition is associated with having had chicken pox as a child and involves CN 5 dorsal root ganglion

A

Herpes Zoster (shingles)

52
Q

What lung condition is associated with an inherited disease of the body’s mucus glands

A

Cystic Fibrosis

53
Q

What lung condition is associated with 4 stages of consolidation

A

Lobar Pneumonia

54
Q

A jerky pulse that is rapidly increasing and then collapsing is called:

A

Water Hammar Pulse

55
Q

Lung Conditon assoc with a disease of the body’s mucus glands

A

CF (cystic fibrosis)

56
Q

Pulse related to Aortic regurgitation or stenosis

A

Pulses Bisferiens

57
Q

Failure of shunt to close between the aorta and left pulomary artery is called:

A

PDA - patent ductus arteriosus

patent = hole

58
Q

Lung Condition assoc with ruptured lung

A

Pneumothorax

59
Q

An acute heart failure that comes on with rest and caused by atherosclerosis

A

Myocardial Infarct

60
Q

A forward protrusion of the sternum is known as ____

A

Pectus Carinatum (pigeon chest)

61
Q

Respiration pattern characterized by rapid and shallow breathing first, but as metabolic acidosis worsens, breathing becomes deep, shallow, slow, labored and gasping

A

Kussmaul’s

62
Q

3 enzymes that are used as markers for a MI

A

CK (creatinine kinase) increased

SGOT increased

LDH increased

63
Q

Finger nail pattern related to psoriasis

A

pitted

64
Q

Lung Condition assoc with a productive red jelly sputum

A

Friedlander’s Pneumonia

65
Q

What lung condition is associated with mycobacterium tuberculosis and the Mantoux test

A

Tuberculosis

66
Q

Lung Condition assoc with Mantoux Testing

A

TB

67
Q

Rapid, shallow breathing is known as ____

A

Tachypnea

68
Q

Lung Condition assoc with permanent destruction of elastic pulmonary connective tissue

A

Emphysema

69
Q

Patient says 99 and doctor feels chest vibrations

A

fremitus

70
Q

2 Diseases related to barrel chest

A

COPD

Cystic Fibrosis - CF

71
Q

A pulse you would expect from increased cardiac output is called:

A

Pulsus Magnus

72
Q

A dull percussed tone over the lung is an indication of ____ in the lung cavity

A

liquid (pneumonia or atelectasis)

73
Q

Constriction of the descending aorta causing a hypertension in upper extremities

A

Coarctation of the aorta

74
Q

Lung Condition assoc with IgE rise and enlarged spleen

A

Hodgkin’s

75
Q

A bounding pulse is called:

A

Pulsus Magnus

76
Q

Lung Condition assoc with and caused by Klebsiella

A

Friedlander’s Pneumonia

77
Q

Marfan’s typically affects which blood vessel and may be related to intima tearing?

A

Ascending Aorta

78
Q

A lung condition that causes R sided heart failure is known as _____

A

Cor Pulmonale

(R heart fails by itself)

79
Q

ST segment enlarged or inverted in EKG is due to ____

A

M.I.

80
Q

Finger nail pattern related to acute severe disease showing transverse ridges

A

Beau’s Lines

81
Q

MC cause of Mitral Stenosis is:

A

Rheumatic Fever

82
Q

Early signs of L sided heart failure are:

A

Pulmonary Edema

(causing) shortness of breath (exertional dyspnea)

and diffulty breathing in recumbent position (orthopnea)

83
Q

Finger nail pattern related to COPD or hypoxia where the nail base angle is greater than 180 degrees

A

Clubbing

84
Q

Narrowing of Vertebral Artery causes blood to backflow into Subclavian Artery. The phenomena is called _____

A

Subclavian Steal Syndrome

85
Q

Which heart sound would you associate with R heart failure?

A

S3

86
Q

What lung condition is associated with Klebsiella pneumonia in old age and immunocomprimised patients?

A

Friedlander’s Pneumonia

87
Q

Heart valve at Left sternal border, 2nd intercostal space

A

Pulmonic Valve

88
Q

What lung condition is associated with destruction of elastic pulmonary connective tissue resulting in permanent dilation of the alveoli air sacs?

A

Emphysema

89
Q

Respiration pattern characterized by groups of quick, shallow inspiration followed by irregular periods of apnea (no pattern)

A

Biot’s breathing

90
Q

Lung Condition assoc with an irreversible focal bronchial dilation

A

Bronchiectasis

91
Q

Which breath sound is heard anteriorly between ribs 1 & 2 as well as posteriorly between the scapula at apex?

A

Bronchovesicular

92
Q

An atypical coronary vasospasm that comes on with rest

A

Printzmetal Angina

93
Q

What lung condition is associated with yeast or fungus most commonly seen in AIDS patients?

A

Pneumocystitis Carinii

94
Q

Lung condition associated with Crackling breath sounds:

A

Pleurisy

95
Q

Lung Condition assoc with an inflammation of the cartilage connection between the ribs and the sternum

A

Tietze Syndrome

96
Q

Abnormal breath sound associated with a blockage of air flow during inspiration

A

Stridor

97
Q

What lung condition is associated with a permanent focal bronchial dilation that presents with a productive cough?

A

Bronchiectasis

98
Q

A hyperresonate percussed tone is indicative of ______ in the chest cavity

A

air (emphysema or pneumothorax)

99
Q

Finger nail pattern related to subacute bacterial endocarditis from strep

A

Splinter Hemorrhage

100
Q

Lung Condition assoc with the Trigeminal Nerve

A

Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

101
Q

What lung condition is associated with friction rub and a positive Schepelmann’s test?

A

Pleurisy

102
Q

Tool used to detect heart murmurs

A

EKG

103
Q

Which breath sound is heard over the trachea in the neck?

A

tracheal

104
Q

Heart sound abnormal in adults but normal for children, athletes, and young adults

A

S3

105
Q

Lung Condition assoc with AIDS patients and caused by a yeast or fungus infection

A

Pneumocystis Carinii

106
Q

Which breath sound is heard over the manubrium?

A

bronchial

107
Q

What causes an increase in fremitus

A

fluid in lungs (pneumonia)

108
Q

Respiration pattern related to metabolic acidosis

A

Kussmaul’s

Irene Gold - parts 2 & 3 (24 decks)

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