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Irene Gold - parts 2 & 3 > Abdomen and GI > Flashcards

Abdomen and GI Flashcards

1
Q

Which hormone is related to Diabetes Insipidus?

A

low ADH

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2
Q

An outpouching of the esophague is called ____.

A

Zenker’s Diverticulitis

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3
Q

Which of the following diseases is a result of inadequate fiber in the diet?

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. Chron’s Disease
  3. Ulcerative Colitis
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Diverticulitis - 1

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4
Q

The bacteria known to cause peptic ulcers

A

H. pylori

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5
Q

Which signs and symptoms associated with diabetes mellitus are not associated with diabetes insipidus?

A

both: polyuria & polydypsia

Diabetes Mellitus only: polyphagia

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6
Q

Patient exhales and examiner pushes into the patient’s right upper abdominal quadrant, mid clavicular, just below the ribs and elicits a painful response. This is known as _____. This is a test for ______.

A

Murphy’s sign, cholecystitis

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7
Q

Epigastric pain going straight through the T10 - T12 area like a knife might be due to ______

A

pancreatitis

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8
Q

Dyspepsia

A

Indigestion

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9
Q

Destruction of the esophagus due to reflux esophagitis is called ____ and is a precursor to ______

A

Barrett’s Esophagus

precursor to esophagus cancer

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10
Q

Pain occurs 2 hrs after eating, black tarry stool

A

Duodenal ulcer

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11
Q

You suspect Hepatitis in your patient. During your exam you want to palpate the patient’s liver. What would you expect the results to be of that palpation?

A

Liver enlarged, edges are soft and smooth

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12
Q

increased thirst

A

polydypsia

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13
Q

Which hepatitis is from food via the fecal/oral route?

A

Hep A

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14
Q

Which Hepatitis is self-limiting?

A

Hep A

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15
Q

Dark urine, clay-colored stool, jaundice

A

Pancreatic cancer

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16
Q

Where are peptic ulcers?

A

Gastric (stomach) and duodenum

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17
Q

A disruption of the normal propulsion of the GI tract is called ______

A

ileus

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18
Q

Epigastric pain going straight through the T10 - T12 area like a knife

A

Pancreatitis

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19
Q

A superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus is called a ____ sign and is a possible indication of ____.

A

Cullen sign, acute pancreatitis (911)

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20
Q

A disease where every bone in the body becomes denser due to due to a reduction of RBCs made by bone marrow and the liver and spleen.

A

Osteopetrosis (aka Marble Bone)

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21
Q

No consistent pain pattern, Sometimes food causes pain and other times it relieves pain

A

Gastric Ulcer

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22
Q

Increased hunger

A

polyphagia

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23
Q

Hematochesia

A

Blood in stool

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24
Q

Pain in the RUQ, nausea, vomiting, precipitated by eating a large fatty meal

A

Cholecystitis

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25
Q

Your patient complains of distal muscle atrophy and pain of his calfs. He is not an alcoholic and denies drinking any alcohol. He has a blood test. The lab results are that he is low in Thiamin. There are no other S/Sx, or other positive exam results. What is your preliminary diagnosis?

A

Beri-beri

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26
Q

The test known to react with heterophile antibodies during the active infection phase of mononucleosis is called _____.

A

Paul Bunnell test

(aka heterophile agglutination test)

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27
Q

Protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm

A

Hiatal Hernia

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28
Q

Bilirubin that is not water soluble is called _____.

A

Indirect or Unconjugated bilirubin

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29
Q

Which of the following diseases is known to present with a “cobblestone” appearance?

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. Chron’s Disease
  3. Ulcerative Colitis
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Chron’s Disease -2

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30
Q

Diabetes Insipidus is related to which gland in the brain?

A

posterior pituitary

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31
Q

Which of the following diseases presents with abdominal pain relieved by bowel movements?

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. Ulcerative Colitis
  3. Chron’s Disease
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Irritable Bowel Syndrome - 4

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32
Q

Which lymph node is affected by stomach cancers?

A

Virchow’s node

(left supraclavicular)

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33
Q

What is the tumor marker for specific for hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Alpha-fetoprotein

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34
Q

Chron’s disease can cause what vitamin deficiency?

A

B12

35
Q

Define cholecystitis

A

Inflammed gall bladder

36
Q

Polyuria is defined as _____

A

increased urine frequency

37
Q

MC site for ulcerative colitis

A

recturm & colon

38
Q

Which of the following diseases presents with RLQ pain with chronic diarrhea?

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. Ulcerative Colitis
  3. Chron’s Disease
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Chron’s Disease - 3

39
Q

Hematoptysis

A

Coughing up blood

40
Q

Chron’s and UC are usually diagnosed using which medical procedure?

A

sigmoidoscopy

41
Q

Most cases of Hepatocellular Carcinoma are secondary to which viral diseases?

A

Hep B & Hep C

42
Q

Adult onset diabetes is usually known as ___

A

Type II, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

43
Q

Which Hepatitis is most likely to progress to become liver cancer?

A

Hep B

44
Q

A distinctive lymphocyte associated with mononucleosis:

A

Downey cells

(also associated with CMV)

45
Q

Water soluble Bilirubin is called ____.

A

Direct or Conjugated Bilirubin

46
Q

Which hepatitis are you not a carrier?

A

Hep A

47
Q

pancreatic cancer usually affects which part of the pancreas?

A

head of the pancreas

48
Q

5 main risk factors for gall bladder disease

A
  1. Female
  2. Fat
  3. > 40 years old
  4. fertile
  5. family history
49
Q

Which of the following diseases can lead to non-tropical sprue?

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. Chron’s Disease
  3. Ulcerative Colitis
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Chron’s Disease - 2

50
Q

Virus cause of Mononucleosis

A

Epstein Barr Virus

51
Q

Which Hepatitis is from blood transfusions?

A

Hep C

52
Q

Most liver cancers metastasize from where?

A

Colon

53
Q

Which of the following diseases presents with bloody mucus in the stool?

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. Ulcerative Colitis
  3. Chron’s disease
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Ulcerative colitis - 2

54
Q

A lab test would show which 2 enzymes increased to indicate a pancreatitis?

A

Lipase & amylase

55
Q

Which hepatitis is from contaminated needles

A

Hep B

56
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting blood

57
Q

Test for occult blood in the stool is called ____

A

Guaiac Test

58
Q

Malabsorption disease related to Chron’s disease

A

Sprue (gluten allergy)

59
Q

A lack of bowel sounds in the intestines may indicate ___

A

Adynamic Ileus

60
Q

Upward reflux of acid contents of the stomach into the esophagus is called ______. (1)

It is caused by _____. (2)

3 Conditions that make it worse. (3, 4, 5)

A
  1. reflux esophagus
  2. sliding hiatal hernia
  3. lying down
  4. after a large meal
  5. bearing down
61
Q

Abdominal palpation of the LLQ resulting with increased pain in RLQ is called _____?

A

Rovsing’s Sign

(+ = appendicitis)

62
Q

Where is the most common site for a metastatic disease? In other words, a secondary cancer.

A

Liver

63
Q

AKA for Chron’s disease

A

Regional ileitis

64
Q

Where is vitamin B12 absorbed?

A

distal ileum

65
Q

Which anatomical part of the stomach are most stomach cancers located?

A

Lesser Curvature

66
Q

Chronic inflammation of the gall bladder can lead to ___

A

Porcelain gall bladder

67
Q

Where does Gall Bladder pain refer to?

A

Right shoulder or tip of right scapula

68
Q

Which of the following diseases presents with small outpouching of the colon.

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. Ulcerative Colitis
  3. Chron’s Disease
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Diverticulitis - 1

69
Q

Where is hiatal hernia pain located?

A

LUQ

70
Q

True / False

Jaundice can occur with any liver disorder

A

True

71
Q

A stomach ulcer is called ___

A

Gastric ulcer

72
Q

Which of the following diseases presents with variable degrees of constipation and diarrhea in response to stress?

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. Chron’s Disease
  3. Ulcerative Colitis
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Irritable Bowel Syndrome - 4

73
Q

Pain referred to the tip of the right scapula

A

Gall bladder

(Cholecystitis)

74
Q

The procedure needed to make a definitive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma is what?

A

liver biopsy

75
Q

Which organ of the body is mononucleosis affected?

A

Spleen - enlarged

76
Q

Patient is an alcoholic, He complains of coughing and vomiting up blood. Examination finds he has torn esophogeal blood vessels. Your diagnosis is that he is suffering from _____.

A

Mallory Weis Syndrome

77
Q

Which of the following diseases presents with pain at McBurney’s point?

  1. Diverticulitis
  2. ulcerative colitis
  3. Chron’s disease
  4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  5. Appendicitis
A

Appendicitis - 5

78
Q

Juvenile diabetes is also known as _____

A

Type 1, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

79
Q

MC cause of cholecystitis

A

cholelithiasis

80
Q

Patient has bruising which show up in his flanks. This sign is called ________ and is an indication of _____

A

Grey Turner’s sign,

acute pancreatitis (911)

81
Q

MC Cause of liver destruction

A

Alcoholism

82
Q

Parts of the GI affected by Chron’s disease

A

distal ileum

&

colon

83
Q

Which hepatitis is due to sexual transmission?

A

Hep B

84
Q

An outpouching of the ileum is called ____

A

Meckel’s Diverticulitis

Irene Gold - parts 2 & 3 (24 decks)

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