Lung cancer Flashcards
What are th pathological types of lung cancer?
Small cell
Non small cell= large cell, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell
Mesothelioma
What is the most common type of lung cancer and where is it seen?
Squamous cell
Generally more central
Where is adenocarcinoma normally seen?
More peripherally
Most common lung cancer in non smokers (but still mainly smokers)
What are the risk factors for lung cancer?
Smoking
Asbestos
radon
Less= pollution, genetic
What are the features of lung cancer?
Cough, haemoptysis Dyspnoea Chest pain Recurrent chest infections SVC obstruction Pancoast tumour= Recurrent laryngeal nerve compression- hoarse voice
What are the systemic symptoms of lung cancer?
Lethargy
Anorexia
Weight loss
Night sweats
What are the symptoms of mets in lung cancer?
Bone pain Hepatomegaly Headache, convulsions SIAD- hyponatraemia Hypercalcaemia Inappropriate ACTH secretion- hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hypokalaemia
Where are the common locations for mets in lung cancer?
Other lung Liver Brain Bones Adrenals
What paraneoplastic syndromes are seen in small call cancer?
SIADH
Ectopic ACTH
What paraneoplastic syndrome is seen in SCC?
Hypercalcaemia
What investigations are done for lung cancer?
- CXR
- CT
- Biopsy- CT guided or EBUS
What is the management of non small cell lung cancer?
Surgery= only ~20% eligible
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy as main treatment or adjuvant
What is the management of small cell lung cancer?
Chemo and radiotherapy
What lung cancer generally carries the worst prognosis?
Small cell
Without treatment= weeks
With treatment= 9-13 months
What non small cell lung cancer generally has the worst prognosis?
Large cell
