Lung Cancer Flashcards
What is nadir?
The lowest point reached in peripheral blood cell count after chemotherapy administration
__________ __________ is a consequence of the presence of cancer in the body. The effects are mediated by _______ factors excreted by tumor cells or by an immune response against the tumor.
Paraneoplastic syndrome
humoral (hormones, cytokines)
Name the types of primary lung cancer
NSCLC Adenocarcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Large cell carcinoma SCLC Small cell carcinoma
___________ is the most common type of lung cancer and has no ________ ________ until widespread metastasis is present.
Adenocarcinoma
clinical manifestations
_______ _______ _______ is the second most common lung cancer. It is a slow growing cancer that starts in the ________ ________ producing ________ characteristics.
Squamous cell carcinoma
Bronchial tubes
Obstructive
The least common form of NSCLC is ______ ______ ______ . This cancer commonly causes ______ and is highly metastatic via ______ and ______.
Large cell carcinoma
Cavitation
Lymphatics, Blood
Small cell carcinoma accounts for ____% of lung cancers and is the ______ ______ form of lung cancer. It tends to spread early via lymphatics and bloodstream.
20%
Most malignant
What does TNM stand for and what is is assessing?
T - TUMOR size, location and degree of invasion
N - Lymph NODE involvement
M - Presence or absence of distant METASTASES
Assesses the STAGE of the NSCLC
Surgical therapy is the treatment of choice for what NSCLC stages? Why?
Stages I and II, because it doesn’t have mediastinal involvement (Pneumonectomy, Lobectomy, Segmental or wedge resection)
Radiation therapy
Can treat NSCLC or SCLC as curative or palliative or adjuvant
Sterotactic Radiotherapy
High doses delivered very accurately to tumor
Chemotherapy
Primary for SCLC. NSCLC chemo may be used in treatment of nonresectable tumors or as adjuvant.
Biologic and Targeted Therapy
Targeted therapy uses drugs that block the growth of molecules involved in specific aspects of tumor growth
Prophylactic Cranial Radiation
Most chemo does not penetrate the BBB therefore prophylactic radiation decreases the incidence of cerebral metastases
Bronchoscopic Laser Therapy
Used to remove obstructing bronchial lesions
