Lumbar spine

Question 1

muscles of erector spinae

Answer 1

spinalis, longissimus,, iliocostalis

Question 2

origin insertion iliopsoas

Answer 2

T2-T5

lesser trochanter femur

Question 3

what level is T10 dermatome at

Answer 3

L3 L4 intervertebral discs

Question 4

facets in lumabr spine

Answer 4

usually backward medial, can be more coronal and predispose to degenerative changes

Question 5

sacralization

Answer 5

parts of L5 extend down to articulate with sacrum

Question 6

lumarization

Answer 6

failure S1 to fuse with sacrum

Question 7

what fails to fuse in spina bifida

Answer 7

lamina of vertebra

Question 8

major motion lumbar spine

Answer 8

flexion extension

Question 9

L5 on sacrum!!! ***!!!!

Answer 9

sidebending L5: same side as sacral oblique axis

rotation L5: opp to rotation of sacrum

Question 10

herniation between L3 L4 will affect what nerve

Answer 10

L4 even though DRG L4 comes out below

Question 11

imaging for herniated nucleus pulposus

Answer 11

MRI

Question 12

OMT for herniated disc

Answer 12

HVLA relatively CI

can do indirect techniques

Question 13

causes of psoas syndrome

Answer 13

appendicitis
sigmoid colon dysfunction
ureteral calculi
ureter dysfcuntion
mets carcinoma prostate
salpingitis

Question 14

signs of psoas syndrome– OMT findings

Answer 14

thomas test +
tender point medial to ASIS
non neutral L1 or L2!!!! 
positive pelvic shift on contralateral side!!!!
sacral dysfunction on oblique axis
contralateral piriformis spasm!!!

Question 15

OMT in spondylolisthesis

Answer 15

HVLA contraindicated

Question 16

what view on XR do you need to see spondylolysis

Answer 16

oblique, since there you can see pars interarticularis fracture “scotty dog collar”
there is no slippage

Question 17

spondylosis

Answer 17

degenerative changes in intervertebral disc and ankylosing of adjacent vertebral bodies

Question 18

what motion makes spondylolisthesis worse

Answer 18

extension