Facilitation Flashcards
3 parts spinal reflex
afferent limb- sensory
central limb- spinal
efferent limb- motor
areas that spinal cord segment can recieve input
brain
viscera via sympathetic or parasympathetic visceral afferents
somatic afferents (muscle spindles, golgi tendons etc)
what do facilitated segments lead to
TART changes
viscero somatic
visceral stimuli produce patterns seen in segmentally related somatic structures
somato-visceral
somatic cause visceral reflex
how do visceral dysfuntions transmit information
autonomic afferents
sympathetic control of bladder
relax destrusor contracts sphincter (trigone)
CN with PAN
III ciliary ganglion for pupils
VII sphenopalantine ganglion for lacrimal and nasal glands
submandibular ganglion for submandibular and sublingual glands
IX otic ganglion for parotid gland
X heart, bronchial tree, esophagus, stomach, SI, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, ascending colon and transverse, ovaries and testes, kidney and upper ureter
Pelvic Splanchnics
S2-4
lower ureter and bladder
uterus prostate and genitalia
descending colon and sigmoid
head and neck sympathetic levels
T1-4
heart sympathetic levels
T1-5
respiratory system sympathetic levels
T2-7
esophagus sympathetic levels
T2-8
upper GI sympathetics
T5-9
greater splanchnic and celiac ganglia
middle GI tract extends where and what sympathetics
portions pancreas duodenum- 2/3 transverse colon
T10-11
lesser splanchnic and superior mesenteric ganglia
lower GI tract sympathetics
T12-L2
least splanchnic and inferior mesenteric ganglia
appendix sympathetic
T12
kidneys sympathetic
T10-11 superior mesenteric
adrenal medulla sympathetic
T10
upper ureters sympathetic
T10-11 sup mesenteric
lower ureters sympathetic
T12-L1 inferior mesenteric
bladder sympathetic
T11-L2
gonads sympathetic
T10-11
uterus and cervix sympathetic
T10-L2
penis and clitoris sympathetic
T11-L2
prostate sympathetic
T12-2
extremities sympathetics
arms T2-8
legs T11-L2
vagus GI
all above diaphragm
all small intestine
ascending and transverse colon
what supplies parasympathetic to descending colon and rest
pelvic splanchnic
GU system Parasympathetics
vagus- kidneys and upper ureter
pelvic splanchnic- lower ureter and bladder
why are ovaries and testes vagus
because embryologically start higher up in abdomen so therefore they are vagus
ligament of treitz
divides duodenum and jejunum
splenic flexure
divides transverse and descending colon
anything above lig treitz
T5-9
anything after splenic flexure
T12-L2
between lig treitz and splenic flexure
T10-11
purpose of rib raising
decrease sympathetic activity
increase lymph flow
encourage maximum inhalation
patient has post-op ileus
OMT Tx?
rib raising and paraspinal inhibition
purpose soft tissue paraspinal inhibition
decrease sympathetic (ileus prevention)
soft tissue paraspainal inhibition location
L1 L2, because no ribs, direct pressure on erector spinae have same effect
how to decrease sympathetic over celiac, sup and inf mesenteric ganglia
midline abdominal P over these ganglia until fascial release is palpable
contraindications to working on the celiac, sup or inf mesenteric ganglia
aortic aneurysm, open surgical wound
to influence sympathetics to head and neck where is OMT directed
superior C1-3 middle C6-7 and inferior C7-T1
techniques to influence parasympathetics
cranial manipulation, sphenopalantine ganglion, condylar decompression, treatment vagus nerve influnce, sacral inhibition
where do we manipulate vagus
OA AA or C2
what suture do we manipulate for jugular foramen (condylar compression for suckling reflex)
occipito-mastoid
affect on labor from sacral inhibition
reduce labor pain caused by cervical dilation
indications for sacral inhibition
dysmenorrhea, labor pain, constipation
CI sacral inhibition
local infections or incisions
