Lower extremity Flashcards
what does patella attach to
quads tendon sup
patella tendon inf
primary knee flexors
semimembranosus and semitendinosus (hamstrings
ligamets of femur- acetabulum
iliofemoral
ischiofemoral
pubofemoral
capitis femoris
which way does femur glide with external and internal rotation of hip
anterior glide with external rotation
posterior glide with internal rotation
what mm cause hip restricted in internal rotation
piriformis and iliopsoas spasm
what mm cause hip restricted in external rotation
spasm of internal rotators
when foot is pronated (dorsiflexed and everted) where is fibular head
anterior
when foot is supinated (plantarflexed and inverted) where is fibular head
posterior
femoral nerve spinal cord levels and what does it innervate
L2-4
quads, iliacus, sartorius and pectineus
sensory anterior thigh and medial leg
sciatic nerve levels and what does it innervate
L4-S3
tibial portion goes to hamstrings except short head biceps femoris, plantar and toe flexors
sensory lower leg and plantar foot
peroneal goes to short head biceps femoris, evertors and dorsiflexors and extensors of toes
sensory to lower leg and dorsum foot
coxa vara
hip angle with neck and shaft of femur is
coxa valga
hip angle with neck and shaft of femur is >135
Q angle
intersection of line from ASIS through patella
line from tibial tubercle though middle patella
increased Q angle
genu valgum >12
decreased Q angle
genu varum
what nerve is affected by posterior fibular head
common fibular or common peroneal
larger Q angle more likely to have what issue
patello femoral syndrome
stronger vastis lateralis and weak vastus medialis
most likely Q angle in women
larger (valgum) because of wider pelvis
frist degree ligament injury
no tear and no laxity
second degree ligament tear
partial tear
dec tensile strength with mild-mod laxity
third degree ligament tear
complete tear, no tensile strength and severe laxity
O donahues triad
common knee injury with ACL, MCL and medial meniscus injured
foot more stable in dorsi or plantar flexion?
dorsiflexion because talus is wider anteriorly
most ankle sprains occur in what motion
plantar flexion because ankle more stable in dorsi
shock absorber of foot
subtalar joint (talocalcaneal)
what makes medial arch of foot
talus navicular and cuneiforrms and 1-3 metatarsals
what makes lateral arch of foot
calcaneus cuboid and 4-5 metatarsals
what mkes transverse arch of foot
navicular, cuneiforms and cuboid
lateral stabilizers of ankle
anterior talofibular
calcaneofibular
posterior talofibular
type 1 ankle sprain
anterior talofibular ligament
type 2 ankle sprain
anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular lig
type 3 ankle sprain
anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular
medial stabilizer of ankle
deltoid
plantar ligaments
spring ligament (strengthen and support medial long arch) plantar aponeurosis (calcaneus to phalanges_
plantar fasciitis
chronic irritation
calcium laid down in lines of stress leading to heel spur
