Lower Limb Anatomy For The MRCS Part A(Matary+miscellaneous) Flashcards
Define the femoral triangle
It is a subfascial space
What is the shape of the femoral triangle?
Is a triangular depression
What is the location of the femoral triangle?
(1) Situated in the front of the upper 1/3rd of the medial aspect of the the thigh
(2) Just below the inguinal ligament
Discuss the boundaries of the femoral triangle
What is the superior(base) boundary of the femoral triangle?
Inguinal ligament
What is the lateral boundary of the femoral triangle?
Medial border of sartorius
What is the medial boundary of the femoral triangle?
Medial border of adductor longus(so the muscle also shares in the floor)
What is the apex of the femoral triangle?
Meeting of the medial border of sartorius laterally and the medial border of adductor longus medially(the beginning of the adductor canal or hunter’s canal)
What is the significance of the apex of the femoral triangle?
The beginning of the adductor canal(hunter’s canal)
What is the shape of the floor of the femoral triangle?
Gutter shape
What is the the floor of the femoral triangle?
From lateral to medial(mnemonic;IPA):
(1) Iliopsoas(iliacus and psoas major muscle)-Iliacus lies posterior to the femoral nerve in the femoral triangle
(2) Pectineus
(3) Adductor longus
Discuss the roof of the femoral triangle
What is the location of the superficial fascia of the thigh in femoral triangle?
Just a finger breadth below the inguinal ligament
What are the constituents of the superficial fascia of the roof of the femoral triangle?
(1) Superficial fatty layer
(2) Deep membranous layer
What are the structures between the skin and the superficial fascia of the roof of the femoral triangle of the thigh?
Mnemonic;FEET GI
(1) superficial branch of (F)emoral artery
(2) superficial (E)pigastric vessels
(3) superficial (E)xternal pudendal artery
(4) (T)-shaped superficial inguinal lymph nodes(palpable below the inguinal ligament)
(5) (G)reat(long)saphenous vein
(6) (I)lioinguinal nerve
Where is the superficial inguinal lymph nodes can be palpable?
Palpable below the inguinal ligament
What is the other name of the deep fascia of the thigh?
Fascia lata
What does the deep fascia of the the thigh(fascia lata)contain ?
The saphenous opening which is a defect or a gap in the deep fascia of the thigh covered by cripriform fascia
What is covering the saphenous opening?
Cripriform fascia
Discuss the contents of the femoral triangle
What is the arrangement of the contents of the femoral triangle?
1st/At the apex-structures are arranged from anterior to posterior:-
(1) Femoral artery
(2) Femoral vein
(3) Profunda femoris vein
(4) Profunda femoris artery
2nd/In order from lateral to medial(other structures):-
(1) Great(Long) saphenous vein-lies lateral to the femoral vein
(2) Structures lie more laterally are
1)Deep and superficial inguinal lymph nodes
2)Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
3)Femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
What is the other name of the femoral sheath?
Crural sheathe
Define the femoral sheath
Is a downward protrusion of the fascial lining of the abdominal wall into the thigh(i.e.,it is a subfascial tunnel or space)
What is the location of the femoral sheath?
Below the middle part of inguinal ligament