Lower limb - anatomical areas Flashcards
What is the superior border of the femoral triangle?
Inguinal ligament
What are the attachments of the inguinal ligament?
ASIS to pubic tubercle
What is the medial border of the femoral triangle?
Medial border of the adductor longus
What is the lateral border of the femoral triangle?
Medial border of sartorius
Lateral to medial, what are the contents of the femoral triangle?
Femoral nerve Femoral artery Femoral vein Empty space Lymphatics
Why is there empty space?
Allow distension of the lymphatics and veins if increased venous return
What forms the floor of the femoral triangle?
Pectineus, iliopsoas, adductor longus
What forms the roof of the femoral triangle?
Fascia lata
What is the contents of the femoral sheath?
Femoral artery, vein and canal
Where does the adductor canal travel from and to?
Apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus of adductor magnus
What is the function of the adductor canal?
Passageway for structures going from anterior leg to posterior thigh
What is the anterior border of the adductor canal?
Sartorius
What is the lateral border of the adductor canal?
Vastus medialis
What is the posterior border of the adductor canal?
Adductor longus and magnus
What is the adductor hiatus?
A gap between the adductor and hamstring attachments of the adductor magnus
What are the contents of the adductor canal?
Femoral artery, femoral vein, saphenous nerve
What is the superomedial border of the popliteal fossa?
Semimembranosus
What is the superolateral border of the popliteal fossa?
Biceps femoris
What are the inferomedial and inferolateral borders of the popliteal fossa?
Medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius
What is the roof of the popliteal fossa?
Fascia and skin
What is the floor of the popliteal fossa?
Posterior of knee joint capsule and posterior femur
What are the contents of the popliteal fossa, medial to lateral?
Popliteal artery, popliteal vein, tibial nerve, common fibular nerve
What are the most superficial contents of the popliteal fossa?
Tibial and common fibular nerves
The common fibular nerve follows which tendon along the border of the fossa?
Biceps femoris
Which vein drains into the popliteal vein in the fossa?
Small saphenous vein
What is the deepest structure in the popliteal fossa?
Popliteal artery
What are 2 major causes of swelling in popliteal fossa?
Baker’s cyst - inflammation of semimembranosus bursa
Poplitial aneurysm
What nerve is at risk to damage from intramuscular injection in the gluteal region?
Sciatic
Name the 2 safe areas for gluteal injection.
Dorsogluteal - super lateral quadrant
Ventrogluteal - between index and middle finger
When is dorsogluteal used?
> 3 year olds
When is ventrogluteal used?
> 7 year olds
Bakers cyst is usually in association with which condition?
Osteoarthritis
