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MSK > 1. Brachial Plexus & Axilla > Flashcards

1. Brachial Plexus & Axilla Flashcards

1
Q

What are the origins of the pectoralis major?

A
  1. Clavicular head - anterior surface of the medial clavicle.
  2. Sternal head- anterior sternum,upper 6 costal cartilages and apaneurosis of ext. oblique
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2
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis major?

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

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3
Q

What is the insertion point of the pectoralis major?

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus on humerus

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4
Q

What is the action of the pectoralis major?

A
  • Adducts and medial rotates upper limb

- Clavicular head flexes the upper limb

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5
Q

What is the origin of the pectoralis minor?

A

3-5 ribs

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6
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor?

A

Coracoid process

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7
Q

What nerve supplies the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve

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8
Q

What action does the pectoralis minor cause?

A

Stabilises scapula

Draws scapular anterioinferiorly towards ribs

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9
Q

What nerve innervates the coracobrachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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10
Q

What is the origin of the coracobrachialis?

A

Coracoid process

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11
Q

Where does the coracobrachialis insert?

A

Medial side of the humerus at the level of the deltoid tubercle.

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12
Q

What is the action of the coracobrachialis?

A

Flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint

Weak adduction

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13
Q

What are the 3 origins of the deltoid?

A

Anterior: clavicle
Lateral: acromion
Posterior: spine of scapula

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14
Q

Where does the deltoid insert?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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15
Q

What nerve supplies the deltoid muscle?

A

Axillary

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16
Q

What action does the anterior part of the deltoid muscle cause?

A

Flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint

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17
Q

What action does the lateral section of the deltoid cause?

A

Abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint

18
Q

What does the posterior section of the deltoid cause?

A

Extension of the arm at the shoulder joint

19
Q

What is the origin of the serratus anterior?

A

Ribs 2-8

20
Q

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?

A

The rib facing surface of medial border of scapula

21
Q

What nerve supplies the serratus anterior?

A

long thoracic nerve

22
Q

What are the actions of the serratus anterior?

A

Rotates the scapular, allowing arm to be raised over 90 degrees.
Holds the scapula against the rib cage

23
Q

What nerve roots contribute to the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

C5,C6,C7

24
Q

Which nerve roots form the axillary nerve?

A

C5 and C6

25
Q

What nerve roots form the median nerve?

A

C6,C7,C8,T1

26
Q

Which nerve receives contributions from all 5 routes?

A

Radial nerve

27
Q

Which nerve roots contribute to the ulnar nerve?

A

C8, T1

28
Q

What are the trunks of the brachial plexus?

A

Superior, Middle and Inferior

29
Q

What are the divisions of the brachial plexus?

A

Anterior and posterior

30
Q

What are the cords of the brachial plexus?

A

Lateral, posterior and medial

31
Q

What are the branches of the brachial plexus?

A 
Musculocutaneous nerve
Axillary nerve
Median nerve
Radial nerve
Ulnar nerve
32
Q

What anatomical landmarks divide the axillary artery into its 3 sections?

A

Subclavian artery until it passes the FIRST RIB where it become the axillary artery until it passes the TERES MAJOR where it becomes the brachial artery.

33
Q

Which muscles form the anterior border of the axilla?

A

Pectoralis major and minor

34
Q

What is the posterior border of the axilla?

A

Subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi

35
Q

What muscles form the medial wall of the axilla?

A

Serratus anterior

36
Q

What are the contents of the fibrous axillary sheath?

A

Axillary artery
Axillary vein
Brachial plexus

37
Q

Describe the contents of the axilla.

A

Axillary artery, brachial plexus cords, axillary vein, tendon of biceps brachii and coracobrachialis
Axillary lymph nodes

38
Q

The lateral, medial and posterior cords are names according to their relationship with which vessel?

A

Axillary artery

39
Q

What structure is the lateral border of the axilla?

A

The intertubercular sulcus of humerus

40
Q

What are the 5 principle groups of axillary lymph nodes?

A 
Pectoral
Sub-scapular 
Humeral
Central
Apical

MSK (16 decks)

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