Lower limb Flashcards
1 - 5
1) m. piriformis
2) foramen suprapiriforme
3) lig. sacrospinale
4) lig. sacrotuberale
5) canalis obturatorius
6 - 9
6) membrana obturatoria
7) foramen ischiadicum minus
8) spina iliaca
9) foramen infrapiriforme
What does canalis obturatorius contain? (3)
- a. + v. obturatoria
- n. obturaturatorius (branch of plexus lumbalis)
What are the contents of foramen infrapiriforme? (7)
It is part of… ?
- a. + v. + n. glutealis inferior
- a. + v. pudenda interna
- n. pudendus
- n. sciaticus
…foramen ischiadicum majus
What are the contents of foramen suprapiriforme? (3)
It is part of…?
- a. + v. + n. glutealis superior
…foramen ischiadicum majus
What are the contents of foramen ischiadicum minus? (3)
- a. + v. pudenda interna
- n. pudendus
Hip muscles can be grouped into groups which are…?
- dorsal hip musles (7)
- ventral hip muscles (5)
What are the 7 muscles of the dorsal hip?
- m. iliopsoas
- m. psoas minor
- m. gluteus maximus/minimus/medius
- m. tensor fasciae latae
- m. piriformis
What are the 5 muscles of the ventral hip?
- m. obturator internus/externus
- m. gemmelus superior/inferior
- m. quadratus femoris
1 - 5
1) m. vastus lateralis
2) m. vastus intermedius
3) m. rectus femoris
4) m. vastus medialis
5) m. sartorius
6 - 10
6) m. adductor longus
7) m. adductor medius
8) m. gracilis
9) m. semimembranosus
10) m. semitendinosus
11 - 15
11) m. biceps femoris
12) n. sciaticus
13) v. saphena magna
14) canalis adductorius
15) a. femoralis
16 - 20
16) v. femoralis
17) n. saphenus
18) extensor compartment
19) adductor compartment
20) flexor compartment
By which nerve are all the extensors innervated?
n. femoralis
1 - 5
1) m. semimembranosus + m. semitendinosus
2) m. biceps femoris
3) m. gastrocnemius
4) m. popliteus
5) n. sciaticus
6 - 8
6) a. poplitea
7) v. poplitea
8) n. peroneus profundus
What is the base of the fossa poplitea? (3)
- facies poplitea femoris
- m. popliteus
- poster part of the knee joint capsule
What pierces the fascia politea?
v. saphena parva
1 - 5
1) m. iliopsoas
2) n. cutaneus femoris lateralis
3) n. femoralis
4) n. genitofemoralis ramus femoralis
5) a. femoralis
6 - 10
6) v. femoralis
7) Rosenmüller’s lymph node
8) lig. lacunare (Gimbernati’s)
9) lig. inguinale (Poupart’s)
10) spina iliaca anterior superior
11 - 14
11) symphysis pubica
12) lacuna musculonervosa
13) lacuna vasorum
14) lacuna lymphatica
1 - 5
1) spina iliaca anterior superior
2) lig. inguinale
3) n. femoralis
4) a. femoralis
5) v. femoralis
6 - 10
6) hiatus subinguinalis
7) symphysis pubica
8) anulus saphenus (in fasciae latae)
9) m. adductor longus
10) v. saphena magna
11 - 15
11) n. saphenus (branch of n. femoralis)
12) m. sartorius
13) fossa iliopectinea (iliopsoas medial, iliacus lateral)
14) canalis adductorius
15) hiatus adductorius (→ fossa poplitea)
16 - 17
16) a. poplitea
17) v. poplitea
What are the borders of the hiatus adductorius? (2)
- laterally: femur
- medially + superiorly: m. adductor magnus
What are the boundaries of canalis adductorius (= Hunter’s canal)? (5)
- anteriorly: membrana vastoadductoria, m. sartorius
- laterally: m. vastus medialis
- medially: m. adductor longus/magnus
m. ilopsoas
- ORIGIN
- M. PSOAS MAJOR: T12, L1-4, disci intervertebrales, proc. costales L1-5
- M. ILIACUS: fossa iliaca, s. i. a. i.
- INSERTION: trochanter major
- ACTION: anteflexion, flexion, lat. rotation
- INNERVATION: plexus lumbalis
m. psoas minor (present in less than 50%)
- ORIGIN: T12, L1
- INSERTION: fascia iliaca
- ACTION: supports m. iliopsoas
- INNERVATION: plexus lumbalis
m. tensor fasciae latae
- ORIGIN: s. i. a. s.
- INSERTION: tractus iliotibialis
- ACTION: flexion, med. rotation, abduction
- INNERVATION: n. glutaeus sup.
m. piriformis
- ORIGIN: facies pelvina ossis sacri, foramina sacralia anteriora, incisura ischiadica major
- INSERTION: trochanter major
- ACTION: lat. rotation, abduction, retroversion
- INNERVATION: plexus sacralis
m. gluteus maximus
- ORIGIN
- PARS SUPERFICIALIS: crista iliaca, s. i. p. s., fascia, thoracolumbalis, os sacrum, os coccyx
- PARS PROFUNDUS: ala ossis ilii, lig. sacrotuberale
- INSERTION
- PARS PROXIMALIS: tractus iliotibialis
- PARS DISTALIS: tuberositas glutea
- ACTION: extension, lat. rotation, adduction
- INNERVATION: n. gluteus inferior
m. gluteus medius
- ORIGIN: facies glutea alae ossis ilii
- INSERTION: trochanter major
- ACTION: med. rotation, flexion, lat. rotation, extension, abduction
- INNERVATION: n. gluteus sup.
m. gluteus minimus
like m. gluteus medius
- ORIGIN: facies glutea alae ossis ilii
- INSERTION: trochanter major
- ACTION: med. rotation, flexion, lat. rotation, extension, abduction
- INNERVATION: n. gluteus superior
The dorsal muscles of the back are innervated by..? (4)
- plexus sacralis
- m. piriformis
- plexus lumbalis
- m. iliopsoas
- m. psoas minor
- n. gluteus inferior
- m. gluteus maximus
- n. gluteus superior
- m. gluteus minimus
- m. gluteus medius
m. obturator internus
- ORIGIN: os coxae, membrana obturatoria
- INSERTION: fossa trochanterica
- ACTION: lat. rotation, abduction (sitting)
- INNERVATION: plexus sacralis
m. obturator externus
- ORIGIN: membrana obturatoria
- INSERTION: fossa trochanterica
- ACTION: lat. rotation, abduction
- INNERVATION: n. obturatorius
mm. gemelli (2)
- ORIGIN:
- superior: spina ischiadica
- inferior: tuber ischiadicum
- INSERTION: fossa trochanterica
- ACTION: support m. obturator internus
- INNERVATION: n. gluteus inferior, plexus sacralis
m. quadratus femoris
- ORIGIN: tuber ischiadicum
- INSERTION: crista intertrochanterica
- ACTION: lat. rotation, abduction
- INNERVATION: n. gluteus inferior, plexus sacralis
Triceps coxae is made up by…? (3)
- mm. gemelli
- m. obturator internus
1 - 5
1) m. extensor digitorum longus
2) m. extensor hallucis longus
3) m. tibialis anterior
4) m. tibialis posterior
5) m. flexor digitorum longus
6 - 10
6) m. soleus
7) tendo m. plantaris
8) m. gastrocnemius
9) m. flexor hallucis longus
10) m. peroneus brevis
11 - 15
11) m. peroneus longus
12) n. fibularis profundus
13) a. tibialis anterior
14) v. tibialis anterior
15) n. tibialis
16 - 20
16) a. + v. tibialis posterior
17) n. saphenus
18) v. saphena magna
19) v. saphena parva
20) n. fibularis superficialis
21 - 23
21) extensor compartment
22) flexor compartment
23) peroneal compartment
What are the borders of canalis femoralis? (4)
- anteriorly: fascia lata
- medially: m. pectineus
- posteriorly: m. pectineus, m. adductor magnus
- laterally: v. femoralis
What are the contents of canalis femoralis? (2)
- Rosenmüller’s lymphnode
- lymph vessels
What are the inlet and outlet of canalis femoralis?
- inlet: anulus femoralis
- outlet: saphenus hiatus
What is the clinical significance of the canalis femoralis? (2)
- common site of hernia
- v. femoralis can expand laterally if you have increased venous return
