Head, neck Flashcards
List the muscles of mastication (4)
- m. masseter
- m. temporalis
- m. pterygoideus lateralis/medialis
m. masseter
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ORIGIN:
- PARS SUPERFICIALIS: arcus zygomaticus
- PARS PROFUNDAproc. zygomaticus, fascia temporalis
- INSERTION: tuberositas masseterica
- ACTION: elevation
- INNERVATION: n. massetericus
m. temporalis
- ORIGIN: fossa temporalis, fascia temporalis
- INSERTION: proc. coronoideus mandibulae
- ACTION: elevation (strongest)
- INNERVATION: nn. temporales profundi
m. pterygoideus lateralis
caput inferius
- ORIGIN: lamina lateralis proc. pterygoidei
- INSERTION: fovea pterygoidea
caput superius
- ORIGIN: facies infratemporalis, crista infratemporalis
- INSERTION: discus articularis
- ACTION: all movements
- INNERVATION: n. pterygoideus lateralis
m. pterygoideus medialis
- ORIGIN:
- both: lamina lateralis proc. pterygoidei
- smaller part: + tuber maxillaris
- INSERTION: tuberositas pterygoidea
- ACTION: elevation, protrusion, grinding
- INNERVATION: n. pterygoideus medialis
What are the 7 deep muscles of the neck?
- m. rectus capitis anterior
- m. longus capitis
- m. longus colli
- mm. scaleni (anterior, medius, posterior, minimus)
m. rectus capitis anterior
- ORIGIN: massa lateralis atlantis
- INSERTION: pars basilaris ossis occipitalis
- ACTION: ventralflexion
- INNERVATION: plexus cervicalis
m. longus capitis
- ORIGIN: tubercula anteriora proc. transversi T3-5
- INSERTION: pars basilaris ossis occipitalis
- ACTION: bilat: ventralflexion, unilat: lateralflexion
- INNERVATION: plexus cervicalis
m. longus colli
- ACTION: unilat: lateralflexion, rotation, bilat: ventralflexion
- INNERVATION: plexus cervicalis + brachialis
m. scalenus anterior
- INNERVATION: plexus brachialis
m. scalenus medius
- INNERVATION: plexus cervicalis + brachialis
m. scalenus posterior
- INNERVATION: plexus brachialis
m. scalenus minimus (missing in 2/3)
- INNERVATION: plexus brachialis
Which movement is caused by the mm. scaleni? (2)
inspiration (quiet), unilat: lateralflexion
Where do the 3 laminae of the cervical fascia originate from and what are their names?
fascia cervialis splits into:
- lamina superficialis fasciae cervicalis
- lamina praetrachealis fasciae cervicalis
- lamina praevertebralis fasciae cervicalis
What does the lamina superficialis fasciae cervialis enclose, what else can you say about it?
- around the entire neck
- encloses everything except platysma
- m. trapezius and m. sternocleidomastoideus WITHIN the lamina
What does the lamina praetrachealis fasciae cervialis enclose, what else can you say about it?
- around anterior part of the neck
- has 2 parts:
- pars muscularis: encloses infrahyoidal mm.
- pars vascularis: encloses thyroid gland, trachea, esophagus
- blends with vagina carotica
What does vagina carotica contain? (3)
- a. carotis communis
- v. jugularis interna
- n. vagus
What does the lamina praevertebralis fasciae cervialis enclose, what else can you say about it?
- around vertebral column
- encloses deep muscles of the neck: (no m. rectus capitis anterior!)
- m. longus capitis
- m. longus colli
- mm. scaleni
What are the superficial muscles of the neck?
Group them. (2) + (4) + (4)
superficial muscles
- m. trapezius
- m. sternocleidomastoideus
suprahyoid muscles
- m. sternohyoideus
- m. omohyoideus
- m. sternothyroideus
- m. thyrohyoideus
infrahyoid muscles
- m. digastricus
- m. stylohyoideus
- m. geniohyoideus
- m. mylohyoideus
The superficial muscles of the neck make up 2 big triangles which can be seperated even more
trigonum cervicale laterale (= posterior cerv. region)
- trigonum omotrapezoideum
- trigonum omoclaviculare
trigonum cervicale anterius (= anterior cerv. region)
- trigonum submandibulare
- trigonum submentale
- trigonum caroticum
- trigonum musculare (= omotracheal triangle)
1 - 5
1) m. mylohyoideus
2) m. geniohyoideus (deep to m. mylohyoideus)
3) m. digastricus venter anterior
4) m. digastricus venter posterior
5) m. stylohyoideus
