Lower Leg Flashcards
Tibialis Anterior
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
Insertion: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
Action: dorsiflex ankle, invert foot
Nerve: deep peroneal nerve L4, 5, S1
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Origin: middle, anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: distal phalanx of 1st toe
Action: extend first tow, dorsiflex ankle, invert foot
Nerve: deep peroneal nerve L4, 5, S1
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: middle and distal phalange of toes 2-5
Action: extend 2nd through 5th toes, dorsiflex ankle, evert foot
Nerve: peroneal nerve L4, 5, S1
Peroneus Longus
Origin: head of fibula and proximal lateral fibula
Insertion: base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Action: evert foot, assist to plantarflex ankle
Nerve: superficial peroneal nerve L4, 5, S1
Peroneus Brevis
Origin: distal lateral fibula
Insertion: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
Action: evert foot, assist to plantarflex ankle
Nerve: superficial peroneal nerve L4, 5, S1
Gastrocnemius
Origin: condyles of femur, posterior surface
Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Action: flex knee, plantarflex ankle
Nerve: tibial nerve S1, 2
Soleus
Origin: soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of head of fibula
Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Action: plantar flex ankle
Nerve: tibial nerve L5, S1, 2
Plantaris
Origin: lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Action: weak plantarflextion of ankle, weak flexion of knee
Nerve: tibial nerve L4, 5, S1, 2
Popliteus
Origin: lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
Action: medially rotate flexed knee, flex knee
Nerve: tibial nerve L4, 5, S1
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Origin: middle half of posterior fibula
Insertion: distal phalanx of 1st toe
Action: flex first toe, weak plantarflexion of ankle, invert foot
Nerve: tibial nerve L5, S1, 2
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Origin: middle, posterior surface of tibia
Insertion: distal phalangers of 2nd-5th toes
Action: flex 2nd-5th toes, weak plantarflexion of ankle, invert foot
Nerve: tibial nerve L5, S1, 2
Tibialis Posterior
Origin: proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: all 5 tarsal bones, bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals
Action: invert foot, plantarflex ankle
Nerve: tibial nerve L4, 5, S1
