Hip and Leg Flashcards
Rectus Femoris
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: extend knee, flex hip
Nerve: femoral nerve L2-4
Vastus Lateralis
Origin: lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: extend knee
Nerve: femoral nerve L2-4
Vastus Medialis
Origin: medial lip of linea aspera
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: extend knee
Nerve: femoral nerve L2-4
Vastus Intermedius
Origin: anterior and lateral shaft of femur
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: extend knee
Nerve: femoral nerve L2-4
Sartorius
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Action:
- Flex, laterally rotate and abduct hip
- Flex and medially rotate flexed knee
Nerve: femoral nerve L2, 3, 4
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Origin: iliac crest, posterior to ASIS
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Action: flex, medially rotate, and abduct hip
Nerve: superior gluteal nerve L4, 5, S1
Pectineus
Origin: superior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line of femur
Action: adduct and medially rotate hip, assist to flex hip
Nerve: femoral and obturator nerve L2, 3, 4
Adductor Longus
Origin: pubic tubercle
Insertion: medial lip of linea aspera
Action: adduct and medially rotate hip, assist to flex hip
Nerve: obturator nerve L2, 3, 4
Adductor Brevis
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
Action: adduct and medially rotate hip, assist to flex hip
Nerve: obturator nerve L2-4
Adductor Magnus
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle
Action:
- Adduct and medially rotate hip, assist to flex hip
- Posterior fibers: extend hip
Nerve:
- Obturator nerve L2, 3, 4
- Sciatic nerve L4, 5, S1
Gracilis
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Action:
- Adduct and medially rotate hip
- Flex knee
- Medially rotate flexed kne
Nerve: obturator nerve L2-4
Semitendinosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
Action:
- Flex knee
- Medially rotate flexed knee
- Extend hip
- Assist to medially rotate hip
- Tilt pelvis posteriorly
Nerve: sciatic nerve (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2
Semimembranosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia
Action:
- Flex knee
- Medially rotate flexed knee
- Extend hip
- Assist to medially rotate hip
- Tilt pelvis posteriorly
Nerve: sciatic nerve (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2
Biceps Femoris
Origin:
- Long head: ischial tuberosity
- Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion: head of fibula
Action:
- Flex knee, laterally rotate flexed knee
- Long head: extend hip, assist to laterally rotate hip
Nerve:
- Long head: sciatic nerve (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2
- Short head: sciatic nerve (perennial branch) L5, S1, 2
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
Insertion: iliotibial tract (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)
Action:
- All fibers: extend, laterally rotate, and abduct hip
- Lower fibers: adduct hip
Nerve: inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, 2
Gluteus Medius
Origin: gluteal surface of ilium b/w posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below iliac crest
Insertion: lateral aspect of greater trochanter
Action:
- All fibers: abduct hip
- Anterior fibers: flex and medially rotate hip
- Posterior fibers: extend and laterally rotate hip
Nerve: superior gluteal nerve L4, 5, S1
Gluteus Minimus
Origin: gluteal surface of ilium b/w anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion: anterior aspect of greater trochanter
Action: abduct, medially rotate, and flex hip
Nerve: superior gluteal nerve L4, 5, S1
Piriformis
Origin: anterior surface of sacrum
Insertion: superior aspect of greater trochanter
Action: laterally rotate hip, abduct hip when hip is flexed
Nerve: sacral plexus L5, S1, 2
Obturator Internus
Origin: obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter
Action: laterally rotate hip
Nerve: sacral plexus L5, S1, 2
Obturator Externus
Origin: rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
Action: laterally rotate hip
Nerve: obturator nerve L3, 4
Superior Gemellus
Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter
Action: laterally rotate hip
Nerve: sacral plexus L5, S1, 2
Inferior Gemellus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter
Action: laterally rotate hip
Nerve: sacral plexus L4, 5, S1, 2
Quadratus Femoris
Origin: lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest b/w greater and lesser trochanter
Action: laterally rotate hip
Nerve: sacral plexus L4, 5, S1, 2
