Foot Flashcards
Abductor Hallucis
Origin: medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
Insertion: proximal phalanx of 1st toe and medial sesamoid bone
Action: abduct first tow, assist to flex first toe
Nerve: Tibial nerve L4, 5, S1
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Origin: medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
Insertion: middle phalanges of 2nd-5th toes
Action: flex middle phalanges of 2nd-5th toes
Nerve: Tibial nerve L4, 5, S1
Abductor digiti minimi
Origin: lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
Insertion: proximal phalanx of 5th toe
Action: flex 5th toe, assist to abduct fifth toe
Nerve: Tibial nerve S1, 2
Quadratus Plantae
Origin: medial and lateral sides of plantar surface of calcaneous
Insertion: posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
Action: assist flexor digitorum longus to flex second to fifth toes
Nerve: Tibial nerve S1, 2
Lumbricals
Origin: tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Insertion: bases of proximal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes and extensor digitorum longs tendons
Action: flex proximal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes at metatarsophalangeal joints; extend middle and distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes at interphalangeal joints
Nerve:
- First: tibial nerve L4, 5, S1
- Second through fourth: tibial nerve L4, 5, S1, 2
Flexor hallucis brevis
Origin: plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
Insertion: medial and lateral surfaces of base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe
Action: flex first toe
Nerve: tibial nerve L4, 5, S1
Adductor Hallucis
Origin:
- Oblique head: bases of second through fourth metatarsals
- Transverse head: plantar ligament of 3rd-5th metatarsophalangeal joints
Insertion: lateral surface of base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe
Action: adduct first tow, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, assist to flex first toe
Nerve: tibial nerve S1, 2
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Origin: base of 5th metatarsal
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe
Action: flex 5th toe
Nerve: tibial nerve S1, 2
Plantar Interossei
Origin: medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals
Insertion: medial surfaces of proximal phalanges of 3rd-5th toes
Action: adduct and flex 3rd through 5th toes
Nerve: tibial nerve S1, 2
Dorsal Interossei
Origin: adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals
Insertion:
- First: medial surface of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe
- Second through fourth: lateral surfaces of proximal phalanges of 2nd-4th toes
Action: abduct and flex 2nd through 4th toes
Nerve: tibial nerve S1, 2
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
Origin: dorsal surface of calcaneus
Insertion: proximal phalanx of 1st toe
Action: extend first toe
Nerve: deep peroneal nerve L4, 5, S1
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Origin: dorsal surface of calcaneus
Insertion: 2nd-4th toes via extensor digitorum longus tendons
Action: extend second through fourth toes
Nerve: deep peroneal nerve L4, 5, S1
