Long Term Effects Of Exercise

Question 1

What are the two main systems that are long term effected by exercise?

Answer 1

Musculo-skeletal system and cardio-respiratory system

Question 2

Name the four main benefits in the músculo-skeletal system?

Answer 2

Increased bone density, increased strength of ligaments and tendons, muscle hypertrophy, rest for adaptation and recovery

Question 3

What are the main long term effects of exercise under the cardio respiratory system?

Answer 3

Heart, blood, respiratory system

Question 4

The long term affects of exercise in the heart?

Answer 4

Decreased heart rate, faster recovery rate, increased resting stroke volume, maximum cardiac output, size and strength of heart

Question 5

Long-term effects of exercise in the blood?

Answer 5

Increased capillarisation, increase in red blood cell count

Question 6

Long term effects of exercise in the respiratory system

Answer 6

Increased lung capacity/volume and vital capacity, increased number of alveoli, increased strength of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

Question 7

What do the long term effects of training depend on?

Answer 7

What method of training you have used

Question 8

How is bone density effected?

Answer 8

Weight bearing exercise puts bones under stress. In response, the bones create new cells that build new bone hence making the bone stronger.

Question 9

How is the strength of ligaments and tendons effected?

Answer 9

Weight bearing exercises cause this. This adaptation reduces the chances of injury to these ligaments and tendons

Question 10

How is decreased heart rate effected?

Answer 10

As heart gets stronger with training it can supply more blood in fewer beats which puts less stress in the heart.

Question 11

How is recovery rate effected?

Answer 11

As you get fitter, the heart gets stronger and can return to its RHR quicker.

Question 12

How is resting stroke volume effected?

Answer 12

With exercise the stroke volume (amount of blood pumped per beat) increases as the heart is more efficient and stronger

Question 13

How is the maximum cardiac output effected?

Answer 13

Cardiac output (blood ejected from heart in 1min) will change as it depends on stroke volume and heart rate

Question 14

How is capillarisation effected?

Answer 14

Increased count as more oxygen and blood needs to be pumped around the body during exercise.

Question 15

How is the number of red blood cells effected

Answer 15

Increased as red blood cells carry oxygen, which is needed more during exercise, around the body.

Question 16

How is the lung capacity and vital capacity effected?

Answer 16

Increased as the lungs become more efficient at pumping oxygen in and CO2 out so after regular sustained time of exercise the lungs will become more efficient

Question 17

How is are the alveoli affected?

Answer 17

Increased number of them as more oxygen can be absorbed which is needed for more efficient respiration

Question 18

How is the strength of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm affected?

Answer 18

Increased as this will increase the airflow during physical activity