Locke - Politcal Flashcards
What are natural rights?
Natural rights are inalienable and universal rights to life, liberty, and property that exist independently of government or society.
These rights are grounded in natural law and human reason, forming the basis for justice and morality.
How do property rights arise?
Property rights arise from mixing labor with resources, giving individuals ownership.
What is the social contract?
The social contract establishes legitimate government by requiring people to consent to government to protect their natural rights better than in the state of nature.
The state of nature is freedom but insecure due lack of enforcement.
What justifies resistance or revolution?
Government’s power is conditional on protecting natural rights; failure to do so justifies resistance or revolution.
What is the principle of limited government?
Limited government must operate by declared, reasoned laws accepted by the people.
Separation of legislative and executive powers prevents tyranny and abuse.
What ensures fairness in government?
Rule of law and impartial judges ensure fairness and protect individual rights.
What is Locke’s view on revolution?
Locke defends the right of the people to overthrow governments that violate their rights, safeguarding liberty and preventing despotism.
What does Locke encourage through his political philosophy?
Locke encourages political accountability and aligns government with the public good.
What is Locke’s stance on religious toleration?
Locke argues against coercion in religion and supports freedom of conscience as a natural right.
How does separation of church and state benefit society?
Separation of church and state protects individual liberty and social peace.
What is the conclusion of Locke’s philosophy?
Locke’s philosophy balances individual rights with the need for government, promoting freedom, justice, and political stability.
What is the relevance of Locke’s ideas today?
Locke’s ideas underpin modern liberal democracy, constitutionalism, and human rights frameworks, remaining relevant as a defense against authoritarianism and for protecting personal freedoms.
