Local Anesthetics Flashcards
1
Q
Name the ester anesthetics
A
Cocaine Benzocaine Procaine Tetracaine Chlorprocaine
1 ‘i’ = ester
2
Q
Name the amide anesthetics
A
Lidocaine
Mepivacaine
Bupivacaine
Ropivacaine
2 ‘i’s = amide
3
Q
What is the mechanism of action of all the local anesthetics?
A
Binds reversibly to the intracellular portion of the voltage-gated sodium channel and inactivates it, and so blocks transmission of nociceptive nerve impulses
4
Q
What are the side effects of local anesthetics
A
Local:
-Transient neurologic symptoms–really bad pain
Neuronal injury
Systemic:
- Circumoral numbness
- tinnitis
- blurred vision
- CNS excitation—followed by CNS depression
- Hypotension
- Cardiac toxicity with higher doses
5
Q
What disorder causes an allergic reaction when ester are given, especially benzocaine?
A
Methemoglobinemia
6
Q
Of the amides, which one has the highest cardiac toxicity potential
A
Bupivicaine
