Antidepressants Flashcards
Irreversible inhibitor of MAOa and MAOb used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, Enuresis, bulimia, and alcoholism?
Tranylcypromine
Phenelzine
What are the side effects of tranylcypromine and phenelzine?
HTN crisis–cheese effect–foods rich in tyramine
Serotonin syndrome–MAOi + SSRI
Orthostatic hypotension
Sexual dysfunction
Weight gain
Sedation
What is the mechanism of action of the tricyclic drugs?
Block reuptake of NE and 5HT at varying potencies and selectivity
Also variably block (receptors):
- muscarinic
- a-adrenergic
- DA
- Histamine
Tricyclics used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, neurosis, bulimia, and alcoholism and work through blocking the reuptake of NE or 5HT?
- Despramine
- Imipramine
- Amitriptyline–also used to prevent tension HAs and Migraines
- Nortriptyline
What are the side effects of the tricyclic drugs?
Sympathomimetic–cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects
Orthostatic hypotension
Sedation
Seizures
SSRIs that inhibit repute of 5HT and NE to lesser extent. Used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, PTSD, Chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism.
- Fluoxetine–also used for treatment of premenstrual dystrophic disorder –potent P450 inhibitor
- Paroxetine–potent P450 inhibitor
- Sertraline
- Escitalopram
- Citalopram
What are the side effects of the SSRIs?
Serotonin syndrome–+ MAOi
Nausea
Decreased sexual function
What are the two SNRIs that work through inhibiting reuptake of 5HT and NE and are used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism?
Duloxetine
Venlafaxine
Used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, alcoholism and maintenance of nicotine abstinence in quitting smoking. Works through blocking DA and NE reuptake?
Bupropion
What is the mechanism of action of bupropion?
Blocks DA and NE reuptake
5HT2a antagonist and inhibitor of 5HT reuptake used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, enuresis, bulimia, and alcoholism?
Mirtazapine
What is the major side effect of Bupropion?
Lowers seizure threshold
Anti-manic/mood -stabilizing (bipolar) and long-term cluster headache prevention that works through he depletion of secondary messengers IP3 and DAG?
Lithium
What are the side effects of lithium?
Neurotoxicity
Cardiac toxicity
renal dysfunction
Drowsiness Weight gain Tremor Polydipsia Polyuria
What is the first side of lithium over dose?
Nausea and vomiting