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Pharm U3 > Dopaminergic agents > Flashcards

Dopaminergic agents Flashcards

1
Q

Crosses BBB ans is converted to dopamine–improves nigrostriatal functioning

A

Levodopa

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2
Q

What drugs are contraindicated with the use of levodopa?

A

MAO-A inhibitors

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3
Q

What are the side effects of Levodopa

A 
Dyskinesias
Hypotension
Nausea
Anxiety
Fatigue
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4
Q

What drug is given with Levodopa, which inhibits peripheral conversion of L-DOPA to dopamine–does NOT cross BBB

A

Carbidopa–Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor

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5
Q

NE-DA reuptake inhibitor used for the treatment of Parkinson’s

A

Bupropion

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6
Q

What is the mechanism of Bupropion?

A

Blocks DA transporter (DAT)–increases DA in synpase

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7
Q

Stimulant used for the treatment of ADHD

A

Dextroamphetamine and lisdexamfetamine

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8
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dextroamphetamine and lisdexamfetamine?

A

Stimulants–block dopamine transporter and increase VMAT2

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9
Q

What are the major side effects of dextramphetamine and lisdexamfetamine?

A

NE and DA side effects
Weight loss
Addiction

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10
Q

Stimulants used for Fatigue due to narcolepsy, apnea, shiftwork. They work by increasing histamine activity in the tuberomammilary nucleus

A

Modafinil and Armodafinil

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11
Q

MAO-B inhibitors that prevent the breakdown of DA and are used in Early parkinson’s?

A

Selegiline–also used for depression

Rasagiline

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12
Q

What are the side effects of the MAO-B inhibitors selgiline and rasagiline?

A

Hypotension, dizziness, insomnia, weight gain

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13
Q

MAOi’s that irreversibly inhibit both MAO-A and MAO-B and are used for depression?

A

Tranylcypromine
Isocarboxazid
Phenelzine

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14
Q

What are the side effects of tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid, and phenelzine?

A

MAOi’s

Hypotension, dizziness, insomnia, weight gain

Also cause–cheese effect—> HTN crisis–with tyramine rich foods

And serotonin syndrome if given with SSRI

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15
Q

COMT inhibitors that prevent DA breakdown and are used for Parkinson’s?

A

Entacapone and Tolcapone

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16
Q

Used for mild parkinson’s, RLS, and hyperprolactinemia and works through increasing DA activity by Ergot D2 receptor agonist activity…

A

Bromocriptine

17
Q

Selective D2 receptor agonist used for Mild parkinson’s and RLS. Less effective drugs with motor symptoms of PD.

A

Pramipexole and Ropinerole

18
Q

What is apomorphine used for and what is its mechanism of action?

A

Mild parkinsons and RLS

Increases DA activity through D2 receptor agonist activity

19
Q

What is contraindicated with the use of apomorphine?

A

Serotonin receptor antagonists

20
Q

D2 and D3 receptor agonist used for Schizophrenia and depression?

A

Aripiprazole

21
Q

What is the 2nd line of treatment for mild parkinson’s and also used for the treatment of influenza?

A

Amantadine – antiviral

22
Q

Blocks VMAT and is used for HTN?

A

Reserpine

23
Q

Blocks VMAT and is used for Huntington’s Chorea

A

Tertrabenazine

24
Q

Anticholinergics used in early parkinson’s that reduce the EPS parkinsonian side effects

A

Benztropine and Trihexiphenidyl

25
Q

What are the side effects seen with Benztropine and Trihexiphenidyl?

A

Typical anticholinergic–Dry mouth, blurred vision, racing heart, constipation, confusion, delirium, hallucinations

26
Q

Antihistamine that has anticholinergic properties used to reduce the EPS Parkinsonian side effects?

A

Diphenhydramine

27
Q

What are the side effects seen with diphenhydramine?

A

Typical anticholinergic–Dry mouth, blurred vision, racing heart, constipation, confusion, delirium, hallucinations

28
Q

First generation antipsychotics–low potency that are non-selective D2 receptor antagonist and are used for psychosis seen with schizophrenia?

A

Chlorpromazine and Thioridazine

29
Q

What are the side effects of Chlorpromazine and Thioridazine?

A

EPS
Fatigue
Weight gain
Orthostasis–a1 antagonism

Tardive dyskinesia with chronic use

30
Q

First generation antipsychotics–high potency that are non-selective D2 receptor antagonist used for psychosis seen with schizophrenia and movement disorder in Huntingtons?

A

Fluphenazine
Thiothixine
Haloperidol

31
Q

What are the side effects of Fluphenazine, thiothixine and haloperidol?

A

Non-selective D2 receptor antagonist
EPS
NMS

Tardive dyskinesia with chronic use

32
Q

Which 2nd generation antipsychotic is used for refractory schizophrenia and has the side effect of agranulocytosis?

A

Clozapine

33
Q

D2 and D1, D4 receptor antagonist and 5HT2a receptor antagonist used for refractory schizophrenia?

A

Clozapine

34
Q

2nd generation antipsychotics used for the treatment of psychosis, mania, and aggression and have more metabolic complications?

A

Olanzapine
Quetiapine
Asenapine

35
Q

What are the side effects of the ‘Pines’?

A

Suicide risk in ages less than 25
Metabolic syndrome greater than dones
TD/EPS less than dones
Stroke in dementia patients

36
Q

2nd generation Antipsychotics used for the treatment of psychosis, mania, aggression and have fewer metabolic complications but more EPS?

A 
Risperidone
Ziprazidone
Paliperidone
Iloperidone
Lurasidone
37
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the pines?

A

D2 receptor antagonist, 5HT2a receptor agonist

38
Q

What are the side effects of the ‘dones’?

A

Suicide risk in ages less than 25
Metabolic syndrome less than pines
TD/EPS more than pines
Stroke in dementia patients

Pharm U3 (11 decks)

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