LO3 Flashcards
What is the buccal cavity?
Is it the mouth, food is chewed/ broken down. Also known as the oral cavity
What is the salivary glands?
Produces saliva, helps moisten food and makes it easier to swallow
What is the epiglottis?
Is a flap of cartilage behind the root of the tongue , which covers the opening of the windpipe when swallowing food
What is the oesophagus?
A muscular tube that connects the throat with the stomach. Foods moves down through the oesophagus to the stomach.
-peristalsis , a squeezing action by the muscles , helps food moves down to the stomach.
What is the stomach?
Is a sac (bag) with muscular walls that churn the food to break it up. It produces hydrochloric acid and enzymes to digest food.
What is the small intestine?
-small intestine is in the duodenum.
-food is partially digested by the stomach and is called chyme, and is chemically altered by fluids from the liver and the by the bile from the pancreas.
-the duodenum is lined with the villi that increase the surface area and help absorption of nutrients into the blood stream.
What is the large intestine?
Reabsorbs fluids and processes waste products in preparation for elimination from the body.
What is chemical digestion?
Nutrients are broken down by enzymes to smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the blood and used by cells.
- stomach mixes food with enzymes and hydrochloric acid while churning it.
What is pepsins function and what is the site of action
Pepsins Function- breaks down large protein molecules into smaller polypeptides.
Site of action- stomach
What is amylase function and site of action
Amylase function- breaks down starch into maltose
Site of action- buccal cavity and duodenum
What is protease function and site of action?
Protease function - breaks down proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids.
Site of action- duodenum
What is the lipases function and site of action
Function- breaks down fat into glycerol
Site of action- duodenum
What is mechanical digestion
Food is physically broken down to make it smaller. Whether that be :
-chewing action- in the buccal cavity
-stomach- churns the food to break it down
- small intestine- the bile emulsifies lipids into fats, which helps with the mechanical digestion of fats
What is needed for emulsification
Bile
Emulsification happens by…
The bile sack break fats into fatty acids and glycerol.