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Structure an Maintenance > LO2 Structures > Flashcards

LO2 Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of a classification society?

A

To provide classification, statutory certification and services acting on behalf of a flag state.

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2
Q

What is ductility?

A

The ability of a material to deform easily upon the application of a tensile force.

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3
Q

What is notch toughness?

A

materials that have a greater ability to resist cracking (incorporated into the strake).

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4
Q

What is material hardness?

A

The ability of a material to resist surface abrasion.

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5
Q

What is tensile stress?

A

The stress state on a material that leads to expansion.

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6
Q

What are the advantages to mild steel?

A

-Relatively cheap.
-Easily cut, shaped and worked cold.
-Easily welded and riveted.

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7
Q

What are the disadvantages to mild steel?

A

High rate of corrosion.

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8
Q

What is meant by alloy steel?

A

A steel that is alloyed with a variety of elements to improve its mechanical properties.

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9
Q

What are the advantages of high tensile steel?

A

-Saving structural weight.
-Saving in weld material.
-The possibility to build larger prefabrication units.

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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of high tensile steel?

A

-Smaller allowable amount of wastage by corrosion.
-Increased bending.
-Greater cared required when welding.
-Increase in vibration.

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11
Q

Why is aluminium suitable for prismatic free standing tanks

A

thin material thickness allows for a greater tank volume.

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12
Q

What are the advantages of using aluminium for ship construction?

A

-Weight saving.
-Stability (lowers G).
-Resistance to corrosion.
-Non-magnetic property.
-Notch toughness at low temperatures.

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of using aluminium for ship construction?

A

-Higher cost.
-Low melting point.
-Galvanic corrosion.
-Vibration

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14
Q

What are the advantages of using stainless steel for ship construction?

A

-Higher strengths.
-Maintains bright appearance.
-Corrosion resistant qualities.

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15
Q

What are the disadvantages of using stainless steel for ship construction?

A

-Weld decay.
-Pitting corrosion.
-Unable to be used below the waterline.

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16
Q

What is stress?

A

The ability of a material to transmit a load.

17
Q

What is strain?

A

The proportional deformation produced in a material under the influence of stress.

18
Q

What is elastic strain?

A

-Appears in material when strain is applied.
-(Is reversable)

19
Q

What is Young’s model (E)?

A

The ratio between the stress applied and the strain it produces.

20
Q

What is the yield point?

A

The point in which a material will experience plastic strain.

21
Q

What is proof stress?

A

Stress that is sufficient to produce under load.

22
Q

What tests can be carried out to sample steel to deem it suitable for ship construction?

A

-Ultra sonic test.
-V notch test.
-Creep test.

23
Q

What is creep?

A

The continuing deformation of a material with the passage of time when the material is subjected to constant stress.

24
Q

What is fatigue?

A

Where a crack is initiated and progresses as a result of repeated stresses.

25
Q

What factors affect fatigue properties of steel use for ships construction?

A

-Corrosion
-Residual stresses.
-Surface finish.
-Temperature

26
Q

What is creep?

A

Material that is subjected to stress continually and over a long time period.

27
Q

What are the 4 heat treatment processes?

A

-Annealing (cooling in the furnace)
-Normalising (cooling in the air)
-Hardening (cooled at a fast rate)
-Tempering (cooled fast in oil or water)

28
Q

What does COSHH stand for?

A

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health.

29
Q

What is a hazardous substance?

A

-Used directly in work activities.
-Substances generated during work activities.
-Naturally occurring substances.
-Biological agent.

30
Q

What are the effects of hazardous substances?

A

-Skin irritation.
-Asthma as a result of developing an allergy.
-Losing consciousness.
-Infection from bacteria.

31
Q

What publications are in relation with COSHH?

A

-COSHH 2002
-Chemical regulations 2002.
-INDG350

32
Q

What is the principles of a preventative maintenance system?

A

A system where the maintenance intervals and replacement of parts are based on previous data and recommendations of manufacturer.

33
Q

What is a predictive maintenance system?

A

Based on extensive monitoring of machinery and analysis of data trends.

34
Q

Why should breakdown maintenance should be preferably avoided?

A

-This can cause significant unscheduled down time and can be costly, particularly if failure.

35
Q

What are 5 things which preventative maintenance system should have?

A

-Safety equipment.
-Load line and all associated with the survey.
-Lifting Appliances.

36
Q

What are two methods of Non Destructive testing?

A

-Ultrasonic testing.
-Magnetic dust methods.

Structure an Maintenance (11 decks)

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