Living Things Flashcards
what are the characteristics of living things?
how many are there?
what is another name for them?
Movement 7 Life Processes Respiration Sensitivity Feeding Excretion Reproduction Growth
What is Movement? examples from plants and animals.
the ability of an organism to change position
1) Animals move from place to place
2) Plants open and close petals, and turn to face the sun and grow
what is respiration? Why is it needed?
examples from plants and animals
the release of energy from food
Plants and animals need this to stay alive
photosynthesis
Breathing
what is sensitivity? examples from plants and animals
what is it also known as?
the ability of an organism to gather information and respond to it
response
Animals can react quickly ex. hearing a loud noise
•Plants react to light, water and gravity slowly
what is feeding?
what is it also known as?
example plants + animals
how a living thing takes in food or eats something
nutrition
e.g. plants make their own food using energy from the sun
Animals need to eat plants or other animals to get energy
what is excretion?
examples animals + plants
excretion is the removal of wastes that have been made in the body of an animal or plant by means of a chemical reaction
animals = sweat, carbon dioxide, urine and water
plants = Water and oxygen (not much as not much goes in)
name 3 characteristics of animals
can move
cannot make their own food
divided into vertebrates and invertebrates
what are vertebrates?
eg…
animals that have a backbone
humans, dog, fish, birds
what are invertebrates?
eg…
animals that do not have a backbone
eg. worms, insects, snails
give three characteristics of plants
fixed in one position
make their own food (photosynthesis)
we know the difference between them by studying their leaves and flowers.
how do plants eat?
photosynthesis
what is photosynthesis?
the process by which plants get nutrients from the sun by converting light energy to chemical energy.
can we know every plant and animal to see?
no
what do we use to identify different plants and animals?
a key
what is a key?
a key aids in the identification and naming of types of livings things
give an example of a key
vertebrate - fur or no fur - fur = mammal no fur - feathers or no feathers- feathers = bird no feathers - dry skin or moist skin - dry skin = reptile moist skin - scales or no scales - scales = fish no scales = amphibian
What do we use to remeber the characteristics of living things?
MRS FERG
what are the eight steps of how to use a microscope?
- Clean the lens.
- Make sure lowest power objective lens is over the stage.
- Switch on the light.
- Put a drop of water in the middle of the slide.
- Place a sample in the drop.
- Lower the coverslip at a 45 degree angle to get rid of air bubbles.
- Focus on the sample with the lowest power objective lens. Sketch what is seen.
- Move to the next power objective lens and sketch what is seen.
how many stages are involved in using a microscope?
8
label a microscope diagram
.
What is reproduction? Why is it needed?
The process of generating offspring
To prevent a species from becoming extinct
what is growth? one cell? more?
(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically and developing into an adult.
gets bigger
Cell division - forms new cells
Why do we say living things have sensitivity?
Living things are aware of what is around them
how do living things respire?
break down food in their cells to supply themselves with energy
How do we know the difference between plants?
Know the difference between them by studying their leaves and flowers
What is the difference between the cells of animals and plants?
Animals = no cell wall only cell membrane Plants = cell wall outside cell membrane (cell is stronger)
most animals are…
invertebrates
a vertebra is…
one of the bones that make up the backbone
which is usually more complex, vertebrates or invertebrates?
vertebrates
What are the differences between animals and plants (scroll down)
Animals Plants
Do not move from place to place Move from place to place
Do not make their own food Make their own food
Do not carry out photosynthesis Carry out photosynthesis
Do not have chlorophyll Have chlorophyll
Are non-green Are green
Do not have cell walls Have cell walls
what is chlorophyll?
the green pigment in plants
name the five different vertebrate animal groups + examples
Fish , amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals
Salmon, Frog, Lizard, Raven, Human
what is a plant?
a living thing that grows in earth, in water, or on other plants, usually has a stem, leaves, roots, and flowers, and produces seeds. It cannot move it’s whole body only parts of it.
what is an animal?
a living that is not a plant and moves from place to place
make a key
.
what make something alive?
if it has the seven characteristics of life
name a type of organism that can move it’s whole body and sections of it.
mammals
what do plants contain and how do they make their own food?
Plants contain a green chemical called chlorophyll and can make their own food by photosynthesis
why do we divide the animal kingdom into two groups?
there is a huge variety of animals
Name some ways living things can move?
Some organisms can move the entire body
•Some organisms can move part of the body
•eg plants
•Some organisms can move both
their entire body, and each section of the body
every living thing carries out the same basic processes but how do they differ?
they carry them out in different ways
Why do living things need food?
for a source of energy
how does respiration take place?
Glucose in the food is broken down inside cells and energy is released
what do most organisms use in respiration?
oxygen
what is respiration using oxygen called?
aerobic respiration
what happens if excretion does not take place?
the toxic substances that are removed by excretion are poisonous and may harm cells if they are not removed
give examples of toxic substances
carbon dioxide and urea
what does growth mean for micro-organisms?
what does growth mean for multi-celled organisms?
For micro-organisms, this means their cell grows to full size before reproducing
•For multi-celled organisms, this means that cells divide, organs grow in size, and systems develop maturity
what are offspring?
Scientists have a name for the “children” of all living organisms – they say OFFSPRING
what is asexual reproduction?
Some organisms reproduce from one parent only – this is called ASEXUAL reproduction
what is sexual reproduction?
Other organisms reproduce by combining one cell from a male with one cell from a female – this is called SEXUAL reproduction
What do organisms move towards?
What do organisms move away from?
Most organisms move towards things they need and away from things that harm them
name some things that cause living things to respond and an example
light, sound, touch, chemicals, gravity eg Roots grow downwards in response to gravity, shoots grow towards light
Gives examples of living things using sensitivity
Both plants and animals use their sense of touch when climbing
Predators use sound and smell to hunt for prey
