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New Biology > Cells and the Microscope > Flashcards

Cells and the Microscope Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many steps are involved in using a microscope?

A

8

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2
Q

Name the steps involved in using a microscope

A
  1. Clean the lens 2. Make sure the lowest power objective lens is over the stage. 3. Switch on the light.
  2. Put a drop of water in the middle of the slide. 5. Place a sample in the drop of water. 6. Lower the coverslip at a 45 degree angle to get rid of air bubbles. 7. Focus on the sample with the lowest power objective lens and sketch what is seen. 8. Move to the next power objective lens and sketch what is seen.
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3
Q

what is an organism made up of?

A

cells tissues organs system organism

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4
Q

what is another name for a living thing?

A

an organism

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5
Q

Why does an organism grow?

A

because cell division happens where an organism splits in two and so on.

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6
Q

what is a cell made up of?

A

Cell membrane – allows substances to pass in and out of the cell
•Cytoplasm – watery fluid that gives support to the cell
•Nucleus – controls the cells activities
•Vacuole – storage of food, water, wastes
•Cell wall (only in plant cell) – gives strength to the cell
•Chloroplasts (only in plant cell) – contains chlorophyll to help make food

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7
Q

Cell membrane function

A

allows substances to pass in and out of the cell

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8
Q

cytoplasm function

A

Cytoplasm – watery fluid that gives support to the cell

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9
Q

nucleus function

A

Nucleus – controls the cells activities

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10
Q

vacuole function

A

Vacuole – storage of food, water, wastes

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11
Q

cell wall function

A

Cell wall (only in plant cell) – gives strength to the cell

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12
Q

chloroplasts function

A

Chloroplasts (only in plant cell) – contains chlorophyll to help make food

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13
Q

what are chloroplasts

A

.

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14
Q

what is a cell wall

A

.

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15
Q

what is a vacuole

A

.

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16
Q

what is a nucleus

A

.

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17
Q

what is cytoplasm

A

.

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18
Q

what is a cell membrane

A

.

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19
Q

what is a cell

A

.

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20
Q

what do all cells have

A

.

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21
Q

what do plants cells have

A

.

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22
Q

what is a microscope?

A

.

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23
Q

what are the four main parts of a microscope

A

.

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24
Q

what is the difference between a plant and an animal cell

A

.

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25
Q

draw cells and a microscope

A

.

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26
Q

how do you calculate magnification

A

.

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27
Q

how do you prepare and examine something under a microscope

A

.

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28
Q

name some different types of cells and their functions

A

.

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29
Q

what is the function of an eyepiece

A

.

30
Q

what is the function of focus knobs

A

.

31
Q

what is the function of the stage

A

.

32
Q

what is the function of the objective lens

A

.

33
Q

what is a system

A

.

34
Q

what is an organ

A

.

35
Q

what is a tissue

A

.

36
Q

what is growth

A

.

37
Q

what is iodine

A

.

38
Q

what is a coverslip

A

.

39
Q

how do cells grow

A

by dividing

40
Q

know other labels on a microscope.

A

.

41
Q

What do each of the two new cells contain?

A

one of the two identical nuclei

42
Q

what happens to the nucleus when a cell divides?

A

it divides into two seperate nuclei

43
Q

how are cells organised and how do they work?

A

Each cell co-operates with other similar cells. Groups of similar cells then combine together to co-operate with each other.

44
Q

what do plants and animals contain?

A

many different types of cells

45
Q

give an example of two different types of animal cells.

A

red blood cells and the cells on the inside of your mouth

46
Q

give an example of two different types of plant cells.

A

the cells on the outside of a root of a plant and the green cells in a leaf

47
Q

name the things that make cells similar?

A

colour, size, shape or structure

48
Q

what does a tissue contain?

A

large numbers of similar cells

49
Q

what is an organ made of

A

.

50
Q

what is a system made of

A

.

51
Q

groups of large numbers of similar cells that carry out different functions form…

A

different tissues

52
Q

name different types of tissues and their function

A

Red blood carries oxygen.

Muscle contracts to allow movement.

53
Q

give an example of an organ and the type/s of tissue/s it is made of

A

heart

muscle tissue and it has a good blood supply

54
Q

give examples of animal organs

A

heart, lungs, brain, kidneys

55
Q

give examples of plant organs

A

leaves roots and flowers

56
Q

give an example of a system

A

the eyes, ears, skin, nose and tongue are organs that join together to form the sensory system

57
Q

what is an organism

A

a living thing ie. a human or a tree

58
Q

what is the function of the nosepiece

A

to rotate to allow the use of the different lenses located on the nosepiece

59
Q

what is the function of the mirror

A

to reflect light up through the object

60
Q

what is the function of…
the coarse focus knob
the fine focus knob

A

= to bring the object roughly into focus

= allows for precise focusing (not on all microscopes)

61
Q

what do systems work together to do?

A

to allow the organism to function properly and stay alive

62
Q

what do some microscopes have instead of a mirror

A

a light

63
Q

what does magnification mean

A

how many times bigger the object appears when seen through a microscope

64
Q

how do microscopes work

A

by passing light through a thin slice of an object

65
Q

why is the microscope focused

A

to give a clear view of an object

66
Q

what does contolling the amount of light shining through the object also help to do?

A

form a clear view

67
Q

name to ways of forming a clear view using a microscope

A

contolling the amount of light shining through the object and focusing in on the object

68
Q

what does the eyepiece lens usually have marked on it

give an example

A

the magnification

x10 = it magnifies the object ten times

69
Q

each objective lens gives a different…

A

magnification

70
Q

what type of lens do you start an experiment using?

A

the lowest magnification lenses

New Biology (17 decks)

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