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Religious Studies > Living the Muslim Life Abbreviated > Flashcards

Living the Muslim Life Abbreviated Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the most important duties all Shi’a have to follow called?

A

Ten Obligatory Act

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2
Q

Why are the 10 Obligatory Acts important?

A

The 10 Obligatory act are important as they allow Shi’a muslims to:

  • connect to Allah
  • purify their hearts
  • ease the suffering of the poor
  • promote a better society
  • improve their chances of getting into jannat
  • guides them on how to live their lives
  • unites all Shi’a muslims and gives meaning to their lives
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3
Q

Which acts do Sunni Muslims follow and which do they disregard?

A
  • All

- They disregard khums

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4
Q

What are the most important duties for Sunni muslims called?

A

5 acts known as the 5 pillars of Islam

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5
Q

Give examples of the 10 obligatory acts.

A
  • khums
  • jihad
  • amr bil ma’roof
  • nahi anil munkar
  • tawalla
  • tabarra
  • salah
  • sawm
  • hajj
  • zakah
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6
Q

What are the 10 obligatory acts based upon?

A
  • Qur’an
  • Hadith
  • Work of the ‘Twelvers’ (the 12 imams)
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7
Q

Define khums

A
  • A payment of 20% of an individual’s surplus income

- Originally, an annual taxation obligatory for all muslims to share the spoils of war

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8
Q

Define Jihad

A
  • Striving in the way of Allah (or to overcome evil)

- For example, defending an individual, partaking in a holy war, personal struggles to resist temptations

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9
Q

Define Amr bil ma’roof

A
  • Encouraging good actions

- Commandment from the Qur’an highlighting how a Shi’a muslim should act and behave

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10
Q

Define nahi anil munkar

A
  • Discouraging evil actions

- The need to resist temptations and not sin against Allah

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11
Q

Define Tawalla

A
  • Association with good people

- Following the examples of the prophets

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12
Q

Define Tabarra

A

Disassociation with evil people

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13
Q

Define Salah

A
  • Praying 5 times

- Shi’a muslims combine some of the prayers and pray 3 times

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14
Q

Define Sawm

A

Fasting during Ramadan (9th Islamic month) in daylight hours

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15
Q

Define Hajj

A

Pilgrimage to Makkah, Saudi Arabia

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16
Q

Define Zakah

A

Payment of 2.5% of a muslim’s wealth to the poor.

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17
Q

Muslim’s believe wealth is a ______ from ________, and should be _______ with those less fortunate than you through ________.

A
  1. Gift
  2. Allah
  3. Shared
  4. Zakat
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18
Q

How much do Muslims need to pay through Zakah?

A

2.5% of the value of savings or wealth

19
Q

What is the meaning of Zakah and why is it important?

A

Means ‘purification’ so is a way for Muslims to become purified from greed and become closer to Allah.

20
Q

Define Nisab

A

The requirement for Muslims to only give Zakah if they are able to and earn above a certain value.

21
Q

What cause does the Zakah money go towards?

A

Goes to the less fortunate, to those in debt, to widows and orphans, and to other beneficial causes in the Muslim community.

22
Q

Both Sunni and Shi’a muslims believe in the act of Zakat, however Shi’a muslims belive in an additional charitable act called _________.

A

Khums

23
Q

What is the translation of the word khums?

A

It means “fifth”

24
Q

What are origins of Khum’s?

A

It began as a contribution of 20 per cent of the value of ‘battle gains’ (Surah 8:41), given by Muslim armies to religious causes.

25
Q

What is the percentage of wealth donated via khums?

A

20%

26
Q

Who receives the donation of Khums and what do they do with the donations?

A

In the Twelver Shi’a tradition, this is normally given to the Imams but, as there is no Imam present today, they give this to their leader, the Grand Ayatollah, who spends it on charitable causes including:

  • the poor
  • orphans
  • schools
  • mosques and religious scholars.
27
Q

Why are khums important for Shi’a muslims?

A

For Shi’a Muslims, Khums is a way of showing faith and devotion to Allah.

28
Q

How does khums and Zakah benefit those who need the money?

A
  • Improves the quality of life of those who are less fortunate.
  • Provides better access to basic needs, such as food (Zakah) and education (Khums).
29
Q

Why is zakah and khum’s significant?

A

Zakah: This duty is contained in the Qur’an and has a long history within Islam.

Khums: This form of giving is
mentioned in the Qur’an.

30
Q

What is the purpose of Khum and Zakah?

A

Benefits of Zakah are to obey Allah, to show that everything a Muslim owns comes from Allah, and to support the idea of sharing and charitable actions

31
Q

Why is Zakah important?

A
  • It is one of the Five Pillars, so is a duty.
  • Wealth is believed to be a gift from Allah that should be shared.
  • Muslims believe it is what Allah wants them to do and they will be judged on their actions and the way they helped others after death.
  • It is a sign of unity and supports the ummah.
  • It helps a Muslim to grow spiritually and frees them from greed and selfishness.
  • It helps those who need it most - some Zakah money is used by Islamic charities such as Islamic Relief or Muslim Aid to respond to disasters around the world.
32
Q

Why is khums important?

A
  • It gives special recognition to Muhammad, his descendants and leaders within Shi’a Islam.
  • It is used to help build Islamic schools or Islamic projects.
  • It is used to help the poor or those who may be suffering.
  • It is used to promote the religion of Islam through education.
  • It is one of the Ten Obligatory Acts
33
Q

What does Jihad translate to?

A
  • ‘strive’
  • ‘struggle’

(Particularly against evil)

34
Q

What are the two types of Jihad?

A
  • greater (spiritual)

- lesser (physical)

35
Q

What is Jihad?

A

Muslims recognize that life is full of many challenges and struggles and that people must strive to be better for the sake of Allah. This striving is known as jihad.

36
Q

Describe Greater Jihad

A

This is striving spiritually to resist evil within oneself, to become a better person, and to make a positive contribution to society.

Greater jihad can be categorised as follows:

  • Jihad of the soul (improving one’s character)
  • Jihad of the tongue (telling others about Islam)
  • Jihad of the pen (writing about your beliefs)
37
Q

Describe Lesser Jihad

A

This is striving physically to resist evil in the world.

It is allowed if:

  • persecution (suffering because of your beliefs) has reached an extreme level
  • religious freedoms are being taken away
  • Islam has to be defended from an attack
  • it is authorized by a recognized leader.
38
Q

Why is Jihad important in the lives of Muslims today?

A

-Both greater and lesser jihad were
practised by the Prophet Muhammad
Muslims are required to follow his
example.

-Allah is pleased with those who strive
to improve themselves, and striving
spiritually brings Muslims closer to Allah

-The majority of Muslims do not agree
with the way in which extremist groups
interpret lesser jihad. For example, the
Qur’an teaches that lesser jihad cannot be
used to convert people to Islam, but this
is how it is being used by groups such as
IS and Boko Haram.

-Lesser jihad is only permitted when
certain conditions are met: for example,
when religious freedoms are taken away.
Today, religious freedom is protected by
law in the UK and in many other countries
around the world. This makes lesser jihad
less relevant to Muslims today.

39
Q

What are some ways Greater Jihad can be practiced?

A

Inner struggle to be a better Muslim and closer to Allah by:

  • studying the Qur’an
  • doing good deeds
  • attending mosque regularly
  • resisting temptation, greed and envy.
40
Q

Name some conditions of Lesser Jihad.

A

Outer struggle to defend Islam:

• Can be non-violent and in some cases violent
• Fought for a just cause
• Fought as a last resort
• Authorised and accepted by Muslim authority
• The minimum amount of suffering should be caused
• Ends when enemy surrenders
Innocent civilians not attacked
Aims to restore peace and freedom.

41
Q

Greater ______ is important to _______ as
it is viewed as an act of _______ for Allah.
It involves Muslims giving up time, money,
skill or even their _____ in order to resist any _______ they may face and overcome them through moral ______.

A
  • jihad
  • Muslims
  • sacrifice
  • life
  • temptations
  • actions
42
Q

_______ jihad is also important to Muslims
because it shows how Muslims should
live life as _____ intended. Muslims believe
struggling against _______ and _______
in the world helps them to develop
characteristics such as self-discipline,
compassion and _______.

A
  • greater
  • Allah
  • evil
  • temptation
  • honesty
43
Q

What is the most important Jihad?

A

Most Muslims agree that greater jihad is the most important as this is stressed in the Qur’an. Prophet Muhammad stood by this.

Religious Studies (20 decks)

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