Liver Structure and Function

Question 1

Bare area of liver

Answer 1

Small area on diaphragmatic surface surrounded by coronary ligament

Question 2

Tissue type at porta

Answer 2

Connective tissue

Question 3

Septa divide liver into

Answer 3

Hexagonal lobules

Question 4

Hexagonal lobules divided by

Answer 4

Septa

Question 5

Portal triad constituents

Answer 5

Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery
Hepatic duct

Question 6

Portal triad located

Answer 6

Each corner of hexagonal lobule

Question 7

At centre of each lobule

Answer 7

Hepatic veins that drain into inferior vena cava

Question 8

Hepatic cords

Answer 8

Radiate out from central veins

Question 9

Hepatic cords composed of

Answer 9

Hepatocytes

Question 10

Spaces between hepatic cords

Answer 10

Hepatic sinusoids (blood channels)

Question 11

Alimentary role of liver

Answer 11

Production and secretion of bile

Question 12

Six components of bile

Answer 12

Bile acids
Bile pigments
Bicarbonate
Cholesterol
Lecithin
Toxic Metals

Question 13

Bile acids, lecithin, cholesterol, bile pigments, toxic metals secreted by

Answer 13

Hepatocytes

Question 14

Bicarbonate secreted by

Answer 14

Duct cells

Question 15

What are bile pigments?

Answer 15

Breakdown products of haemoglobin from old/damaged erythrocytes

Question 16

Yellow bile

Answer 16

Bilirubin (predominant bile pigment) extracted from blood by hepatocytes and secreted into bile

Question 17

Brown faeces

Answer 17

Bilirubin modified by bacterial enzymes which gives brown pigments

Question 18

Yellow urine

Answer 18

Reabsorbed bilirubin excreted in urine

Question 19

Bile acids are synthesised where?

Answer 19

In liver from cholesterol

Question 20

Bile salts

Answer 20

Bile acids conjugated with glycine or taurine to produce salts and increase solubility

Question 21

Recycling of secreted bile salts

Answer 21

Via enterohepatic circulation

Question 22

Sphincter of oddi function

Answer 22

Controls release of bile and pancreatic juice into duodenum
When contracted (closed), bile forced back into gallbladder

Question 23

Concentration of bile

Answer 23

By gallbladder 5 - 20 times (absorbs Na+ & H2O)