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Alimentary System > Gastric Motility and Pancreatic Function > Flashcards

Gastric Motility and Pancreatic Function Flashcards

1
Q

Travel of peristaltic waves

A

From body to antrum

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2
Q

Structure of body

A

Thin muscle
Weak contraction
No mixing

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3
Q

Structure of antrum

A

Thick muscle
Powerful contraction
Mixing

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4
Q

Chyme

A

Gastric contents

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5
Q

Peristaltic rhythm

A

Generated by pacemaker cells

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6
Q

Motility under neural/hormonal control

A

Gastrin
Distension of stomach wall
Fat/acid/amino acid/hypertonicity in duodenum

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7
Q

Gastrin

A

Increases contraction

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8
Q

Distension of stomach wall

A

Long/short reflexes leading to increased contraction

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9
Q

Fat/acid/amino acid/hypertonicity in duodenum

A

Inhibition of motility

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10
Q

Neutralisation of acid in duodenum

A

Bicarbonate secreted by Brunner’s gland duct cells (submucosal glands)

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11
Q

Acid in duodenum triggers

A

Long and short reflexes to secrete HCO3

Release of secretin

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12
Q

Long reflexes

A

Vagal reflexes

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13
Q

Short reflexes

A

ENS reflexes

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14
Q

Secretin release from

A

S cells in duodenum

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15
Q

Secretin triggers release of

A

HCO3 from pancreas/liver

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16
Q

Negative feedback control (secretin)

A

Neutralisation of acid inhibits secretin release

17
Q

Function of exocrine pancreas

A

Secretion of bicarbonate by duct cells

Secretion of digestive enzymes by acinar cells

18
Q

Zymogens

A

Prevents autodigestion of pancreas

Inactive granules of digestive enzymes stored by acinar cells

19
Q

Enterokinase

A

Converts trypsinogen to trypsin

20
Q

Trypsin

A

Converts zymogens to active forms

21
Q

Categories of pancreatic enzymes

A 
Proteases
Elastases
Nucleases
Phospholipases
Lipases
α-Amylases
22
Q

Proteases

A

Cleave peptide bonds

23
Q

Nucleases

A

Hydrolyse DNA/RNA

24
Q

Elastases

A

Collagen digestion

25
Q

Phospholipidases

A

Phospholipids to fatty acids

26
Q

Lipases

A

Triglycerides to fatty acids+ glycerol

27
Q

α-Amylases

A

Starch to maltose + glucose

28
Q

Bicarbonate secretion stimulated by

A

Secretin

29
Q

Secretin released in response to

A

Acid in duodenum

30
Q

Zymogen secretion stimulated by

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

31
Q

CCK released in response to

A

Fat/amino acids in duodenum

Alimentary System (26 decks)

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